Scientific Observations Flashcards

Study Notes

Scientific Observations Definitions

Qualitative Observation: Focuses on characteristics that cannot be quantified and often includes descriptors like color, texture, or smell.
Scientific Observation: Involves systematically watching and recording behavior to test hypotheses in various settings, ensuring objectivity.
Quantitative Observation: Involves measurements that can be expressed numerically, often used for statistical analysis.

Basic Research Concepts

Procedure: A set sequence of steps designed to achieve a specific task or outcome in an experiment.
Data: Aggregated facts and figures collected for the purpose of analysis, serving as crucial evidence in research.

Graphical Representations of Data

Line Graph: Utilizes line segments to portray changes over time, effectively demonstrating trends.
Bar Graph: Employs vertical or horizontal bars to represent and compare data across different categories.
Circle Graph (Pie Chart): Visually displays data as a whole (100%) divided into proportional segments, illustrating relative sizes of parts to the whole.

Observational Inferences and Predictions

Inferences: Interpretative conclusions drawn from facts, not directly observable, that provide deeper understanding of data.
Predictions: Forecasts regarding future occurrences based on historical evidence or observed trends.

Hypothesis and Variables

Hypothesis: A scientifically testable statement or prediction that stems from a theory, guiding research direction.
Independent Variable: The specific factor that is deliberately altered to observe its effect on another variable.
Dependent Variable: The factor that is measured and observed in response to changes in the independent variable.

Control in Experiments

Control: A baseline experiment conducted without manipulation, used to validate that observed changes are solely due to the tested variable.

Description

Test your understanding of scientific observations with these flashcards. Learn the differences between qualitative and quantitative observations and their applications in research. A great resource for students in science classes or anyone interested in scientific methodologies.