Scientific Method Basics
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Questions and Answers

What is a crucial aspect of an experiment to ensure unbiased results?

  • Allowing independent investigators to repeat the experiment (correct)
  • Having a large sample size
  • Using complex laboratory equipment
  • Conducting the experiment only once

    • What is the primary purpose of publishing research in scientific journals?

  • To provide an opportunity for others to criticize or agree with the research (correct)
  • To collect feedback from the general public
  • To make the research accessible only to experts in the field
  • To establish the researcher's authority on the topic

    • What is the difference between a scientific theory and a scientific law?

  • A law explains why things happen, while a theory describes what happens
  • A theory explains why things happen, while a law describes what happens (correct)
  • A theory is a fact, while a law is a guess
  • A theory is a guess, while a law is a proven fact

    • What is the first step in the scientific method?

    <p>Making an observation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a limitation of science?

    <p>Scientific knowledge can be used to support invalid opinions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of an observation in the scientific method?

    <p>To carefully record an event</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of a good hypothesis?

    <p>It is logical and testable</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of a controlled experiment?

    <p>To isolate the effect of a single variable</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key principle of the scientific method?

    <p>Ideas are constantly reevaluated and modified</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is reproducibility important in the scientific method?

    <p>It ensures that results are accurate and reliable</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key characteristic of scientific inquiry?

    <p>Gathering evidence and forming hypotheses to support it</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of peer review in scientific journals?

    <p>To confirm the results of an experiment by independent laboratories</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common feature of pseudoscience?

    <p>The use of misleading language to convince people</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the consequence of the spread of misinformation in society?

    <p>It takes a toll on certain individuals and society as a whole</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an example of a pseudoscience mentioned in the text?

    <p>Vaccine denialism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary effect of the distribution of heat energy in the ocean on coastal climates?

    <p>It moderates the temperature of coastal climates</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the ultimate consequence of energy conversion according to the second law of thermodynamics?

    <p>High-quality energy is converted into low-quality energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a fundamental principle in science that assumes the existence of specific causes for observed events?

    <p>The assumption of specific causes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between energy conversion and pollution?

    <p>Energy conversion increases pollution</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary goal of the scientific method?

    <p>To form possible solutions to questions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can be achieved by improving wind turbines and photovoltaic cells?

    <p>Converting low-quality energy into high-quality energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between correlation and causation in scientific research?

    <p>Correlation does not imply a cause-and-effect relationship, while causation does</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the limitation of the energy available in the universe?

    <p>The amount of energy is limited, and only a small portion of it is high-quality</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an essential aspect of the scientific method?

    <p>Systematic search for information and continual evaluation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key assumption of science that suggests that perceptions are not individualistic?

    <p>The concept of universal rules of nature</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary cause of the greenhouse effect?

    <p>The rise in carbon dioxide levels in the atmosphere</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for energy that cannot be used to do useful work?

    <p>Entropy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What occurs when orderly arrangements of matter become disordered?

    <p>An increase in entropy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What determines the usefulness of energy?

    <p>The ability to perform useful work</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of the process of energy conversion?

    <p>Heat dissipation into the environment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the composition of protons and neutrons?

    <p>Three quarks each</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary way elements in the same group of the periodic table react with other elements?

    <p>They have the same outer shell electrons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for atoms of the same element that have a different number of neutrons?

    <p>Isotopes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of an atom gaining or losing electrons?

    <p>It becomes an ion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the composition of a molecule?

    <p>Atoms bonded together</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of a period in the periodic table?

    <p>To group elements by their orbital</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common element in our natural environment?

    <p>Oxygen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the nuclide symbol used to represent?

    <p>The number of neutrons in an atom</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of two or more atoms or ions binding together?

    <p>A compound</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the chemical formula for water?

    <p>H2O</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the charge of neutrons in an atom?

    <p>No charge</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of atoms in a mixture?

    <p>Not chemically bonded to each other</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What determines the difference between atoms of different elements?

    <p>The number of protons, neutrons, and electrons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of chemically bonding two or more atoms or ions?

    <p>A compound</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where are electrons typically located in an atom?

    <p>Outside the nucleus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is GPE stand for?

    <p>Gravitational Poteintal energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Subatomic Particles

    • Protons: positively charged, located in the nucleus of an atom
    • Neutrons: have no charge, located in the nucleus of an atom
    • Electrons: negatively charged, located outside the nucleus of an atom

    Elements

    • Atoms of an element: composed of specific arrangements of protons, neutrons, and electrons
    • Atoms of different elements: differ in the number of protons, neutrons, and electrons present

    Compounds

    • Composed of two or more atoms or ions chemically bonded together
    • Different compounds: contain specific atoms or ions in specific proportions

    Mixtures

    • Composed of atoms, molecules, or ions
    • Molecular particles are not chemically bonded to each other
    • Number of each kind of molecular particle present is variable

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    Chapter 4.pptx

    Description

    Understand the fundamental principles of the scientific method, including the importance of repetition, theories, and laws in scientific discovery.

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