Scientific Method and Research Design Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Which type of research allows for prediction but not causal conclusions?

  • Experimental research
  • Observational research
  • Correlational research (correct)
  • Descriptive research

What is a key factor in ensuring internal validity in experimental research?

  • Random sampling
  • Choosing a representative sample
  • Using third variables
  • Random assignment (correct)

Which theory emphasizes the role of socialization agents and social comparison in shaping self-concept?

  • Social comparison theory
  • Social identity theory
  • Self-complexity theory
  • Looking-glass self theory (correct)

What does the mirror test assess in terms of self-awareness?

<p>Self-consciousness (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of measurement involves reporting by individuals about their thoughts, feelings, or behaviors?

<p>Self-report measures (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key characteristic of individualism versus collectivism in cultural differences?

<p>Emphasis on personal goals vs. group goals (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What term refers to the tendency for individuals to overestimate their abilities in relation to others?

<p>Dunning-Kruger effect (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which bias involves attributing one's own successes to internal factors while blaming failures on external factors?

<p>Self-serving bias (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What principle involves looking at consensus, distinctiveness, and consistency when making attributions about behavior?

<p>Covariation principle (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which bias refers to the tendency to focus more on negative information than positive information?

<p>Negativity focus bias (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What attributional style focuses on explaining events as being due to internal, stable, and global factors?

<p>Internal attributional style (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which bias involves attributing other people's behavior to internal/dispositional factors while attributing one's own behavior to external/situational factors?

<p>Actor-observer bias (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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