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Scientific Method and Properties of Matter

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Scientific Method and Properties of Matter

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Questions and Answers

What is the function of the pH scale?

The pH scale measures the acidity or alkalinity of a solution. It ranges from 0 to 14, with 7 being neutral. Solutions with a pH less than 7 are acidic, and solutions with a pH greater than 7 are alkaline.

What are the names given to a solution with a pH of 7, a pH between 0 and 6.99, and a pH between 7.01 and 14?

A pH of 7 is considered neutral. A pH between 0 and 6.99 is acidic, and a pH between 7.01 and 14 is basic.

What lab material is used to measure pH?

pH paper, pH meter, paper tournesol (correct)

pH paper, paper tournesol

pH meter

What does temperature measure?

Temperature measures the degree of agitation (or movement) of particles. The higher the agitation, the higher the temperature. Signup and view all the answers

What is the name given to a substance that conducts electric current or heat?

A conductor. Signup and view all the answers

What name is given to a substance that does not conduct electricity?

An insulator. Signup and view all the answers

How is concentration defined?

Concentration is the quantity of matter dissolved in a volume of solution. Signup and view all the answers

How is concentration calculated?

Concentration is the mass of solute divided by the volume of solution. Signup and view all the answers

How is solubility defined?

Solubility is the maximum amount of solute that can be dissolved in a certain volume of solvent at a temperature. Signup and view all the answers

What are the relationships between concentration and solubility and what does this mean?

If the concentration of a solute is greater than the solubility of the solvent, not all of the solute will dissolve, and a residue will remain. If the concentration of a solute is less than the solubility of the solvent, all of the solute will dissolve. Signup and view all the answers

Which of these characteristics are unique to a substance? (Select all that apply)

Melting Point (C), pH (D), Boiling Point (G), Density (J), Hardness (L), Solubility (M), Conductivity (O) Signup and view all the answers

Which of these characteristics are common to many substances? (Select all that apply)

Odor (E), Mass (F), Sedimentation (G), Clarity (I), Volume (K), Temperature (M), Color (N), State of Matter (O) Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Scientific Method

How to write a hypothesis?
- If (statement on what will happen)... then (what will happen), because... (reason).
How to write a protocol?
1. Precise description of steps
2. Numbered steps
3. Steps begin with infinitive verbs
What is the difference between independent, dependent, and controlled variables?
- Independent: The variable that affects the outcome.
- Dependent: The variable that is measured during the experiment
- Controlled: Maintaining constant conditions.
How to create and complete a results table?
- Independent variable in the first column.
- Dependent variable in the second column.
- Include labels and units.

Properties of Matter

What are the three states of matter?
- Solid: Particles are tightly packed, definite shape and volume.
- Liquid: Particles flow around each other, definite volume & changing shape.
- Gas: Particles go anywhere, changing volume and shape.

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Description

This quiz covers essential concepts of the scientific method, including hypothesis formulation, protocol writing, and variable types. It also explores the properties of matter, focusing on the three states: solid, liquid, and gas. Test your understanding of these foundational scientific principles.