Scientific Method and Physical Science Overview

A circle graph, also known as a pie chart, is used to represent parts of a whole. It visually shows the proportion of different categories within a dataset, making it easy to compare their sizes.

The scientific method is a systematic approach to investigating phenomena. It starts with observation, followed by forming a hypothesis to explain the observation. Experiments are conducted to test the hypothesis, leading to data collection and analysis. The results either support or refute the hypothesis, guiding further investigation and refining the understanding of the phenomenon.

Social sciences deal with human behavior, societies, and cultures, while natural sciences focus on the physical world and its processes. Social sciences are more complex as they involve subjective experiences, cultural influences, and ethical considerations that are distinct from natural sciences.

<p>Physical science explores the fundamental laws and principles governing matter and energy, encompassing areas like physics, chemistry, and astronomy. Its main goal is to understand the composition, properties, and interactions of the natural world.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>If experimental results contradict your initial hypothesis, it is crucial to re-evaluate the hypothesis, analyze potential sources of error in the experiment, and consider alternative explanations. This iterative process helps refine your understanding of the phenomenon and leads to new insights.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Scientific theories are constantly validated and refined through ongoing research. They are not definitive truths, but rather well-supported explanations for observed phenomena that can be modified or replaced as new evidence emerges.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Scientific models are simplified representations of real-world phenomena. They use diagrams, equations, or physical objects to help researchers visualize, analyze, and understand complex systems or processes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Safe laboratory procedures include wearing appropriate safety gear, handling chemicals with care, labeling containers properly, using equipment correctly, and following instructions meticulously. These practices minimize risks to individuals and the environment.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Scientific notation is a way to express very large or very small numbers concisely. It uses the format of a number between 1 and 10 multiplied by a power of 10. For example, 3,000,000 can be written as 3 x 10^6.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>There are 10 millimeters (mm) in 1 centimeter (cm). Therefore, 20mm is equal to 2 cm.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>42.27 is considered more precise because it contains more significant digits than 42.3. The additional digit in 42.27 indicates the measurement was taken to a greater level of accuracy.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Milk is not a pure substance because it is a heterogeneous mixture, containing various components like water, fats, proteins, and sugars. These components are not chemically bonded together, and they can be separated by physical means.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Compounds are formed by the chemical combination of two or more elements in a fixed ratio. They have different properties from the original elements, and they can only be broken down into their constituent elements by chemical means.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Mixtures consist of two or more substances that are physically combined, not chemically bonded. They retain their individual properties, and their proportions can vary. Mixtures can be homogeneous or heterogeneous, depending on the uniformity of their composition.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A pure substance is a form of matter that has a fixed chemical composition and uniform properties throughout. It cannot be separated into simpler substances by physical means. Examples include elements like gold and compounds like water.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Viscosity is a fluid's resistance to flow. A highly viscous fluid flows slowly, while a less viscous fluid flows easily. Viscosity is influenced by factors like temperature and the fluid's molecular structure.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Metals generally have characteristics such as high electrical and thermal conductivity, malleability (can be hammered into sheets), ductility (can be drawn into wires), and metallic luster (shiny appearance). These properties arise from the unique bonding present in metallic materials.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Filtration separates components of heterogeneous mixtures based on particle size. The mixture is passed through a filter with pores of a specific size. Larger particles are trapped on the filter, while smaller particles pass through, resulting in two separate fractions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Chemical changes involve the formation of new substances with different properties, while physical changes alter the appearance or state of a substance without changing its chemical composition.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>In solids, atoms are closely packed and tightly bound together in a fixed structure, resulting in rigidity and a definite shape. Liquids have less rigid structures, allowing atoms to move more freely, so liquids take the shape of their container. Gases have very loosely bound atoms that move about rapidly and independently, expanding to fill their container.</p> Signup and view all the answers