8th Grade Physical Science Study Guide
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Questions and Answers

What is the main purpose of conducting repeated trials and replication in a scientific study?

  • To eliminate the possibility of human error
  • To develop a scientific explanation for a phenomenon
  • To provide conclusive proof of a knowledge claim
  • To increase the accuracy of the data collected (correct)

What is the role of hypotheses in scientific investigations?

  • To lead to further investigations and experiments (correct)
  • To eliminate the need for empirical evidence
  • To support only one possible explanation for a phenomenon
  • To provide definitive answers to scientific questions

What is the main difference between scientific and pseudoscientific ideas?

  • The popularity of the ideas among scientists
  • The level of complexity of the ideas
  • The field of science in which they are studied
  • The use of logical reasoning and empirical evidence (correct)

What is the primary goal of analyzing data in charts, tables, and graphics?

<p>To identify patterns and relationships in the data (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of imagination in scientific investigations?

<p>To devise hypotheses, predictions, and experiments (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary characteristic of scientific explanations?

<p>They are developed through logical reasoning and imagination (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main concept of the scientific theory of atoms?

<p>Atoms are the smallest component of an element. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main concept of the Law of Conservation of Mass?

<p>Mass is conserved during physical and chemical changes. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main concept of the Law of Conservation of Energy?

<p>Energy is conserved in a closed system. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main concept of Newton's Third Law?

<p>For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main concept of the electromagnetic spectrum?

<p>It is a range of wavelengths including infrared, visible, and ultraviolet. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main concept of forces acting at a distance?

<p>Forces that act through gravitational, electric, and magnetic fields. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main concept of energy transfer?

<p>Energy is transferred through interaction of electric charges, magnetic fields, moving air particles, and sound vibrations. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main concept of scientific theory?

<p>A scientific theory is never absolute. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main concept of atomic bonding?

<p>Atoms combine to form compounds through both ionic and covalent bonding. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main concept of the concept of speed, velocity, and acceleration?

<p>Acceleration is a change in speed or direction. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of collecting empirical evidence in scientific investigations?

<p>To test the validity of hypotheses (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of replication in scientific studies?

<p>To verify the findings of the study (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of imagination in scientific investigations?

<p>To develop hypotheses and predictions (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between scientific and pseudoscientific ideas?

<p>The presence of empirical evidence (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of hypotheses in scientific investigations?

<p>To guide the collection of empirical evidence (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of analyzing data in charts, tables, and graphics?

<p>To identify patterns and trends (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of using phrases such as 'results support' or 'fail to support' in science?

<p>To acknowledge the limitations of scientific knowledge (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary characteristic of scientific explanations?

<p>They are based on empirical evidence (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of logical reasoning in scientific investigations?

<p>To analyze and interpret collected evidence (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of conducting repeated trials in scientific studies?

<p>To ensure the reliability of the results (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the underlying concept behind the scientific theory of atoms, as recognized by the atomic theory?

<p>Atoms are the smallest components of an element and are composed of sub-atomic particles (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between speed and velocity?

<p>Speed is a scalar quantity, while velocity is a vector quantity (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of recognizing that science is always evolving and is never absolute?

<p>To highlight the limitations of scientific knowledge (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the underlying concept behind the Law of Conservation of Energy, as explored in SC.8.P.9.1?

<p>Energy can be transformed from one form to another, but not created or destroyed (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between a scientific theory and a scientific law, as explored in SC.8.P.8.1 and SC.8.P.8.7?

<p>A scientific theory is a general explanation, while a scientific law is a specific description (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of exploring and describing the densities of various materials, as explored in SC.8.P.8.3?

<p>To understand the properties of different materials (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary concept behind the concept of atomic bonding, as explored in SC.8.P.8.5 and SC.8.P.8.6?

<p>Atoms combine to form compounds through both ionic and covalent bonding (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of investigating and describing various types of forces, as explored in SC.8.P.8.8?

<p>To identify the types of forces that act on an object (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary concept behind the concept of energy transformation, as explored in SC.8.P.8.7 and SC.8.P.9.1?

<p>Energy can be transformed from one form to another, but not created or destroyed (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of designing and using models to simulate the impact of human activity on the environment, as explored in SC.8.N.3.2?

<p>To understand the effects of human activity on the environment (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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