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Questions and Answers
What role do genetic factors play in productivity?
Which personality traits are associated with higher productivity?
How can motivation levels affect productivity?
Which mental health condition is known to impact productivity through difficulties in focus?
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What is a potential effect of having a mental health condition on productivity?
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What does scientific management primarily focus on in a business context?
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Which of the following best describes the first contribution of Taylor's scientific management?
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What principle underlies Taylor's concept of functional management?
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What is the purpose of conducting time, motion, and fatigue studies in scientific management?
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Why is standardization important in scientific management?
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How does scientific management aim to align the interests of management and workers?
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Which element is NOT part of Taylor's approach to scientific management?
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What does the phrase 'art of knowing exactly what is to be done' imply in the context of scientific management?
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Which group of activities does Fayol consider to be focused on technical know-how and production?
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What activity group is concerned with the protection of assets and manpower according to Fayol's analysis?
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Which of the following activities involves the search for and optimum use of capital?
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Elton Mayo is known for emphasizing which aspect in industrial relationships?
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Fayol identified six groups of activities necessary for the operation of an enterprise. Which one is focused on stock taking and financial position?
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Mayo's research was supported financially by which foundation?
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What is the primary focus of Gantt charts in work management?
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Which set of functions would fall under Fayol's Managerial or Administrative Activities?
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During which years did the Hawthorne investigations conducted by Mayo and his team take place?
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Which principle is NOT part of H. Emerson's philosophy of efficiency?
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According to H. Emerson, efficiency is achieved by eliminating what?
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What unique element did Frank Gilbreth introduce to improve work methods?
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What aspect of management was Lillian Gilbreth particularly concerned with?
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What did H. Emerson propose regarding wage structures for efficient workers?
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Which of the following is NOT considered a principle advocated by H. Emerson?
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What did both Frank and Lillian Gilbreth believe was a major cause of worker dissatisfaction?
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What is one of the benefits of delegating responsibilities?
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What is the significance of reevaluating priorities?
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How does setting boundaries contribute to personal well-being?
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Which of the following is a key objective of method study?
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What does work study primarily focus on for productivity improvement?
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Which statement correctly describes the approach of work study?
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What is a potential immediate result of applying work study?
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What is one of the effects of method study on material handling?
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Study Notes
Scientific Management
- Defined as the "Art of knowing exactly what is to be done and the best way of doing it"
- Focuses on maximizing worker productivity
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Taylor's Contributions
- Development of Science for each Element of an Individual Work: Analyze work scientifically, replacing rule-of-thumb methods.
- Division of Labor or Functional Management: Introduced the concept of functional organization, where each worker has eight bosses, each specializing in a specific function.
- Use of Time, Motion and Fatigue Study: Analyzes the best way to complete a task, minimizing effort, time, fatigue, and cost.
- Standardization of Methods, Machines, Tools and Procedures: Emphasizes standardization to reduce time, labor, and production costs.
Emerson's Philosophy of Efficiency
- Focused on the management of the entire enterprise, not just shop management.
- Popularized scientific management and the concepts of standard time, standard cost, and prevention of waste.
- Advocated 12 principles of improving efficiency, including ideas, common sense, competent counsel, discipline, a fair deal, adequate record keeping, dispatching, standardized working conditions, and reward for efficiency.
- Advocated for "Line and staff organization" instead of functional foremanship.
Gilbreth's Contributions
- Frank and Lillian Gilbreth independently worked on time and motion study.
- Their focus was on streamlining and discovering the most efficient way to accomplish a task.
- Frank developed the "last work" technique, focusing on economizing time sequence by eliminating unnecessary movements.
- Lillian concentrated on the human aspect of management, believing that worker dissatisfaction stemmed from a lack of management interest in them.
Henry Fayol's Principles of Management
- Analyzed the process of management through firsthand observation.
- Believed managerial activities at higher levels were more significant than other activities.
- The first to articulate principles of management and the functions of a manager.
- Classified all industrial activities into six groups: technical, commercial, financial, accounting, security, and managerial.
- Focused on ensuring the performance of work well.
Elton Mayo's Human Relations Approach
- Recognized as the "Father of Human Relations Approach".
- Emphasized the importance of human and social factors in industrial relationships.
- Led the Hawthorne investigations, revealing that organizations are social systems that can be effectively managed by utilizing psychology and other behavioral sciences.
Work Study
- Investigates work within an organization to optimize resource utilization (materials, machines, manpower, and money).
- A valuable management tool for improving productivity without significant cost.
- A systematic, consistent, and fact-based approach.
- It helps set performance standards for planning and controlling production.
- Leads to immediate savings and is a universal tool for management.
Objectives of Method Study
- Improve plant equipment and building design.
- Reduce worker fatigue by eliminating unnecessary movements.
- Create better working conditions and environments.
- Optimize utilization of materials, machines, manpower, and money.
- Improve product quality.
- Ensure efficient and fast material handling.
- Promote standardization, rationalization, simplification, and specialization.
- Enable efficient planning of operations.
- Streamline working procedures.
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Description
Explore the key concepts of Scientific Management, including Taylor's contributions and Emerson's philosophy of efficiency. This quiz delves into the methods for maximizing productivity through various scientific and organizational strategies. Test your understanding of how these principles apply to modern management practices.