Science, Technology, and Society Overview
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Questions and Answers

Which of these scientists uses high-resolution satellite imagery in their research?

  • Julius Sempio
  • Sarah Oliva
  • Irene Crisologo
  • Migs Canilao (correct)

Which of the following best describes the primary function of Multispectral Imaging (MSI) as described?

  • Creating 3D models of historical sites and artifacts.
  • Tracking the movement of drug-resistant tuberculosis.
  • Providing immersive virtual experiences of cultural contexts.
  • Analyzing features not visible under normal lighting via various wavelengths. (correct)

What type of data is primarily captured by the 3D Laser Scanning technology listed in the content?

  • Geological data to create topography maps
  • Genetic data of ancient populations
  • Chemical composition data of artifacts
  • Spatial data to create 3D representations (correct)

Which of the following individuals is MOST associated with the study of disease transmission, as mentioned in the text?

<p>Kamela Ng (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of these digital technologies is specifically mentioned for the preservation of UNESCO World Heritage sites?

<p>3D Laser Scanning (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the focus of Science, Technology, and Society (STS)?

<p>The study of how science and technology interact with and shape social structures. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the etymological root of the word 'technology'?

<p>Techne, meaning 'art, skill, or cunning of hand' (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of STS, how are technological applications of science influenced?

<p>By political, religious, and business sectors, as well as other societal factors. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which methodological approaches are typically utilized within the scope of STS studies?

<p>Methods drawn from history, philosophy, and sociology. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is presented as an example of an emerging ethical dilemma in science and technology related to capturing personal data?

<p>Google clips, a hands-free camera for effortless capture (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What social impact is highlighted regarding 'Social credit system'?

<p>Constant surveillance and scoring of citizens based on their actions. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the article, how does interdisciplinary research contribute to the advancements in science and technology?

<p>It fosters innovation by bringing together diverse perspectives and methods. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which theoretical framework is presented for understanding the intertwined relationship between societal and technological change?

<p>Systems and complexity theory. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which historical development significantly advanced both tool-making and weaponry?

<p>The discovery of bronze. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of the 'Balik Scientist Program'?

<p>To encourage Filipino scientists to return to the Philippines and contribute to research. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of these is a core component of the Freudian Psychoanalytic Theory?

<p>The concepts of the Id, Superego, and Ego. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What critical resistance did Copernicus's heliocentric model of the universe face?

<p>Resistance from the church, which led to prohibitions on reading his work. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following reflects the earliest form of technology used by humans?

<p>The use of simple stone tools for chopping and scraping. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a stated goal of Science and Technology in Nation Building?

<p>To ensure fair political representation. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What defines a 'paradigm shift' in the context of intellectual revolutions?

<p>A fundamental change in thoughts and social institutions due to new ideas. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which period in Philippine history saw the establishment of a secularized public school system?

<p>The American Regime. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following BEST describes the concept of 'natural selection', as presented in the text?

<p>The process by which organisms with advantageous traits are more likely to survive and reproduce. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the technological impact of the invention of the wheel?

<p>A revolution in transportation. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the Department of Science and Technology (DOST) in the Philippines?

<p>To advance the country’s scientific and technological capacity. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of these historical events is an example of scientists utilizing tools without fully understanding their physical make up?

<p>Early humans using roughly shaped stones millions of years ago for simple tasks. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the text suggest resulted from a lack of government support for science and technology in the Philippines after its independence?

<p>Low morale of scientists and limited advancement. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following were key milestones of science and technology throughout history as listed in the text?

<p>The invention of the wheel, the development of metallurgy, and exploration of the cosmos (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which field of study is Dr. Josefino C. Comiso known for, according to the text?

<p>Natural Resource Management. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Science, Technology, and Society (STS)

The study of how science and technology emerge, interact with society, and influence societal changes.

Technology

The application of scientific knowledge to create new products, processes, or systems.

Science

The systematic study of the natural world through observation and experimentation.

Society

A group of people living together in a community, sharing common interests and goals.

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Interdisciplinary Research

The combination of different disciplines to understand a complex topic. In STS, this can include history, philosophy, and sociology.

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Systems and Complexity Theory

A way of thinking that emphasizes the interconnectedness of systems and how small changes can have large effects.

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What is Diwata-1?

A type of satellite used for mapping and monitoring the environment, including land changes. Diwata-1 was created by the Philippines and is also known as PHL-Microsat-1.

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What is Multispectral Imaging (MSI)?

This technology uses various wavelengths of light to capture images, often beyond what the human eye can see. This helps in analyzing pigments, inscriptions, and other details not visible in regular light.

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What are Virtual and Augmented Reality (VR/AR)?

This technology combines digital data and reality, creating immersive experiences. It can be used to explore historical sites and cultural contexts, offering educational and interpretive opportunities.

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What is 3D Laser Scanning?

This method uses lasers to capture detailed 3D representations of objects. It allows for a precise digital record of cultural heritage sites and artifacts, aiding in preservation and study.

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What is Geoinformatics?

This is a field that combines geography and computer science to analyze, manage, and visualize spatial data. It's used in various applications, including environmental monitoring, natural resource management, and disaster response.

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Intellectual Revolutions

The process where societies experience shifts due to newly adopted ideas, beliefs, and principles leading to significant changes in their social structures and worldviews.

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Paradigm Shifts

A radical change in the understanding of how something works, often replacing an older established model with a new, more accurate and comprehensive one.

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Heliocentric Model

A model proposed by Nicolaus Copernicus placing the Sun at the center of the Solar System, contrary to the prevailing geocentric model.

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Darwinian Theory of Evolution

A scientific theory that explains the evolution of life on Earth through the process of natural selection, where organisms best adapted to their environment survive and reproduce.

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Psychoanalytic Theory

A theory focusing on the influence of unconscious drives, thoughts, and memories on human behavior, developed by Sigmund Freud.

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Nation Building

The process where citizens of a nation come together to establish shared goals, interests, and preferences leading to national unity and a sense of belonging.

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Science and Technology in Nation Building

The utilization of science and technology to achieve national development goals, including economic growth, social progress, and environmental sustainability.

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Department of Science and Technology (DOST)

The primary government agency in the Philippines tasked with promoting scientific and technological advancement through research, development, and innovation.

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Balik Scientist Program

A program aimed at encouraging Filipino scientists and Filipino descendants abroad to return to the Philippines and contribute their expertise to research and development.

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Early Science and Technology

The use of simple tools and techniques to improve daily life, without a deep understanding of their underlying principles.

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Spanish Regime (Science & Technology)

The period during which scientific and technological developments were largely influenced by religious orders, like the Spanish missionaries.

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American Regime (Science & Technology)

The establishment of a secular public school system in the Philippines, marking a shift towards modern education and scientific training.

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Science and Technology Since Independence

The period following Philippine independence characterized by limited government support for science, low morale among scientists, and insufficient public awareness of scientific importance.

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DOST Funding

An organization providing financial support for researchers, patents, and projects related to science and technology.

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DOST Scholarships

A program offering scholarships to Filipino students pursuing undergraduate and graduate degrees in science and technology.

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Study Notes

Science, Technology, and Society (STS)

  • STS examines the emergence, societal impact, and evolution of science and technology.
  • Science (scientia – knowledge) and Technology (techne – art, skill).
  • Society (societas – social association)

Comparison of Science and Technology

  • Science and technology are distinct, though interconnected.
  • Technology applications are influenced by many factors (politics, religion, business).
  • Science and technology are shaped by and shape society.
  • STS uses history, philosophy, and sociology to evaluate their value.

Emerging Ethical Dilemmas in Science and Technology

  • Examples presented include digital genome reading apps, robot priests, emotion sensing, ransomware, phone use detection, social credit systems, hands-free cameras, sentencing algorithms, digital memorials, and crime notification apps.

History of Science and Technology

  • From early tools (e.g., stone tools) to advanced techniques (e.g., metallurgy).
  • Development in Mesopotamia (400 BC).
  • Ancient Egypt's use of engineering.
  • Invention of the wheel.
  • Advancement driven by human need to improve life.
  • Early development was without detailed understanding of the materials & processes.

Historical Antecedents

  • Studying past influence on current developments provides crucial context.
  • Understanding historical advancements informs and contextualizes current innovations and challenges.

Science and Technology in the Philippines

  • Pre-Spanish period: simple stone tools.
  • Spanish period: Religious orders influenced scientific advancement.
  • American period: Secular education system.
  • Japanese occupation: Introduction of educational & scientific activities.
  • Post-independence: Limited government support, low scientist morale, and public awareness.

Key Milestones in Science and Technology

  • Invention of the wheel.
  • Development of metallurgy.
  • Written language emergence.
  • Cosmic exploration.

Intellectual Revolutions and Paradigm Shifts

  • Historical shifts in thinking about the universe (e.g., Copernican, Darwinian, Freudian).
  • Copernican revolution (Heliocentric model; Sun at the center).
  • Darwinian revolution (Evolutionary theory).
  • Freudian revolution (Psychoanalytic theory).

Science and Technology in Nation Building

  • Improving agricultural output
  • Environmental protection and conservation
  • Improved human qualities
  • Maintaining peace & stability
  • Disaster management
  • Job creation
  • Economic growth
  • Infrastructure development
  • Efficient social services delivery
  • High-quality healthcare

Philippine Constitution and DOST

  • Article XIV, Section 10: Science and technology vital for national development.
  • Department of Science and Technology (DOST) responsible for advancing scientific capability.
  • DOST structure includes: sectoral planning councils, collegial bodies, S&T services, and R&D institutes.
  • National Research Council of the Philippines (NRCP): Research clusters (e.g., social sciences, physics, medical sciences).

DOST Projects

  • Funding for researchers, patents, and projects.
  • Scholarships for S&T students.
  • Expansion of Philippine Science High Schools.
  • Development of S&T parks for collaborations.
  • Balik Scientist Program to welcome researchers back to the country.
  • National Science and Engineering Complex development, aiming at increased science and engineering manpower resources.

Balik Scientist Program

  • Encourages Filipino scientists and Filipinos of Filipino descent to return and conduct research in the Philippines.
  • Key figures: Josefino Comiso, Ramon Barba, Angel Alcala

USAID Partnership

  • Partners with the DOST to enhance science and technology in various fields (safety, information, education, health).

Major Filipino Scientists

  • Examples from different fields of science
  • Their contributions and current work areas

Digital Technologies for Cultural Heritage

  • Examples of uses of digital technologies
  • 3D laser scanning
  • multispectral imaging
  • Virtual and Augmented Reality (VR/AR)

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Description

This quiz explores the relationship between science and technology, their societal impacts, and ethical dilemmas they present. Delve into the historical evolution from early tools to modern advancements, as well as examine how factors like politics and religion shape technological application. Assess your understanding of the interconnections within STS.

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