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Questions and Answers

Which subatomic particle has a positive charge?

  • Electron
  • Alpha particle
  • Proton (correct)
  • Neutron

Which of the following is a non-metal element?

  • Magnesium
  • Copper
  • Iron
  • Sulfur (correct)

Which type of bond involves the sharing of electrons between atoms?

  • Covalent bond (correct)
  • Ionic bond
  • Hydrogen bond
  • Metallic bond

What is the difference between an ion and an isotope?

<p>An ion has a different number of electrons than an isotope (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of reaction absorbs heat from its surroundings?

<p>Endothermic (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of electrons in an atom?

<p>To provide stability to the atom (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which element is classified as a metalloid?

<p>Silicon (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between a physical and a chemical change?

<p>Physical changes involve a change in the state of matter, while chemical changes do not. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an ionic bond?

<p>A bond formed by the transfer of electrons from one atom to another (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the process of balancing a chemical equation?

<p>Adjusting the coefficients of the reactants and products (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of protons in an atom?

<p>To provide a positive charge (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which element is classified as a noble gas?

<p>Neon (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between a cation and an anion?

<p>A cation has a positive charge, while an anion has a negative charge (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between a physical and a chemical change?

<p>A physical change involves a change in the state of matter, while a chemical change involves a change in the number and/or arrangement of atoms (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between an ionic bond and a covalent bond?

<p>An ionic bond involves the transfer of electrons between atoms, while a covalent bond involves the sharing of electrons between atoms (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between an isotope and an ion?

<p>An isotope has a different number of neutrons than protons, while an ion has a different number of electrons than protons (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of an exothermic reaction?

<p>A reaction that releases heat to its surroundings (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between a metal and a non-metal element?

<p>Their position on the periodic table (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an isotope?

<p>An atom with a different number of neutrons than other atoms of the same element (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of a metalloid element?

<p>To exhibit properties of both metals and non-metals (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between a covalent and an ionic bond?

<p>Covalent bonds involve the sharing of electrons, while ionic bonds involve the transfer of electrons (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of neutrons in an atom?

<p>To provide a neutral charge (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between a metal and a non-metal element?

<p>Metal elements are good conductors of heat and electricity, while non-metal elements are not (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between an ionic bond and a covalent bond?

<p>Ionic bonds involve the transfer of electrons, while covalent bonds involve the sharing of electrons (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the periodic table?

<p>To list all known elements in order of increasing atomic mass (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an endothermic reaction?

<p>A reaction that absorbs energy in the form of heat (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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Study Notes

Subatomic Particles

  • Protons have a positive charge.

Elements

  • Non-metal elements are a type of element that does not exhibit metal properties.
  • Metalloid elements are intermediate in properties between metals and non-metals.
  • Noble gas elements are a group of elements that do not readily react with other elements.

Chemical Bonds

  • Covalent bonds involve the sharing of electrons between atoms.
  • Ionic bonds involve the transfer of electrons between atoms, resulting in the formation of ions with opposite charges.

Ions and Isotopes

  • Ions are atoms or groups of atoms with a positive (cation) or negative (anion) charge.
  • Isotopes are atoms of the same element with the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons.

Chemical Reactions

  • Endothermic reactions absorb heat from their surroundings.
  • Exothermic reactions release heat to their surroundings.

Atoms

  • Electrons have a negative charge and orbit the nucleus.
  • Protons have a positive charge and are located in the nucleus.
  • Neutrons have no charge and are located in the nucleus.

Chemical Equations

  • Balancing a chemical equation involves making sure the number of atoms of each element is the same on both the reactant and product sides.

Periodic Table

  • The periodic table is a tool used to organize elements based on their properties and relationships.

Physical and Chemical Changes

  • Physical changes involve changes in state or phase, but not composition.
  • Chemical changes involve changes in composition, resulting in a new substance.

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