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Questions and Answers
What is a mixture?
What is a mixture?
A substance that can be separated into two or more pure substances by physical means.
Which of the following is NOT an example of a mixture?
Which of the following is NOT an example of a mixture?
Mixtures can be broken down into their components only by chemical means.
Mixtures can be broken down into their components only by chemical means.
False
What is a compound?
What is a compound?
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What distinguishes the properties of a compound from its constituent elements?
What distinguishes the properties of a compound from its constituent elements?
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The mass of a compound must equal the sum of the masses of its constituent __________.
The mass of a compound must equal the sum of the masses of its constituent __________.
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What is the ratio of hydrogen to oxygen by mass in water?
What is the ratio of hydrogen to oxygen by mass in water?
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Which of the following is a compound?
Which of the following is a compound?
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Match the following compounds with their formulas:
Match the following compounds with their formulas:
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Provide an example of a chemical reaction.
Provide an example of a chemical reaction.
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Study Notes
Mixtures
- Mixtures can be separated into multiple pure substances using physical methods like filtration, sublimation, or distillation.
- Components are the pure substances that make up a mixture.
- Common examples of naturally occurring mixtures include air, water, seawater, soil, rocks, and minerals.
- Living organisms, like plants and animals, and food are complex mixtures.
- Many human-made substances, including milk and blood, are mixtures.
Compounds
- Compounds are formed when elements combine in a fixed ratio by mass or number of atoms.
- Compounds can only be broken down into their constituent elements through chemical reactions, not physical methods.
- Elements combine in a fixed proportion, like the 2:1 ratio of hydrogen to oxygen by mass in water.
- Compounds have properties distinct from the elements they are composed of. For example, water has different properties than hydrogen and oxygen.
- The mass of a compound is equal to the sum of the masses of its constituent elements.
Characteristics of Compounds
- Chemical Decomposition: Compounds can only be broken down into their constituent elements by chemical means.
- Fixed Proportion: Elements combine in a fixed proportion by mass or number of atoms when forming a compound.
- Mass Ratio: Elements combine in a set mass ratio. For example, the mass ratio of hydrogen to oxygen in water is 1:8.
- Different Properties: The properties of a compound are different from the properties of the elements that compose it.
Examples of Compounds
- Sodium chloride (NaCl)
- Calcium oxide (CaO)
- Calcium chloride (CaCl₂)
- Zinc chloride (ZnCl₂)
- Hydrogen chloride (HCl)
- Sulphuric acid (H₂SO₄)
- Nitric acid (HNO₃)
- Sodium sulphate (Na₂SO₄)
- Sodium hydrogencarbonate (NaHCO₃)
- Plaster of Paris (CaSO₄ H₂O)
Examples of Reactions
- Hydrogen + Oxygen --> Water
- Carbon + Oxygen --> Carbon dioxide
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Description
Test your knowledge on mixtures and compounds with this quiz! Explore the differences between these two important classifications in chemistry, learning about their characteristics and examples. Discover how mixtures can be separated and how compounds form through chemical reactions.
