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Questions and Answers
What happens to the temperature of a liquid when it is boiling?
What happens to the temperature of a liquid when it is boiling?
- It decreases rapidly.
- It increases continuously.
- It remains constant. (correct)
- It fluctuates unpredictably.
Which statement accurately characterizes evaporation?
Which statement accurately characterizes evaporation?
- It requires the liquid to be at its boiling point.
- It occurs only at the liquid's surface.
- It does not affect the temperature of the liquid. (correct)
- It leads to an increase in density of the remaining liquid.
In a convection current set up in water, what causes the water above the heat source to rise?
In a convection current set up in water, what causes the water above the heat source to rise?
- It expands and becomes less dense. (correct)
- It increases in pressure dramatically.
- It gains mass from the heat.
- It traps air pockets that increase buoyancy.
Why does a container made of shiny metal foil help keep food hot?
Why does a container made of shiny metal foil help keep food hot?
What quantity is defined as the number of wavelengths passing a point per second?
What quantity is defined as the number of wavelengths passing a point per second?
What are the characteristics of the image formed by a plane mirror?
What are the characteristics of the image formed by a plane mirror?
What happens to the angle of incidence when a ray of light strikes a denser medium?
What happens to the angle of incidence when a ray of light strikes a denser medium?
Which of these factors does NOT affect the boiling point of a liquid?
Which of these factors does NOT affect the boiling point of a liquid?
What is the angle of refraction inside the block when the refractive index of glass is 1.8?
What is the angle of refraction inside the block when the refractive index of glass is 1.8?
Which diagram is most likely to show rays of light passing through a converging lens?
Which diagram is most likely to show rays of light passing through a converging lens?
Which statement about the light passing through a glass prism is correct?
Which statement about the light passing through a glass prism is correct?
Which components of the electromagnetic spectrum are primarily used for communication between a remote controller and a television set?
Which components of the electromagnetic spectrum are primarily used for communication between a remote controller and a television set?
When a student hears an echo after clapping their hands, what does the total time of 9.4 seconds represent?
When a student hears an echo after clapping their hands, what does the total time of 9.4 seconds represent?
What is the approximate distance 'x' between the student and the wall if the speed of sound is 320 m/s and the total time for the echoes is 9.4 s?
What is the approximate distance 'x' between the student and the wall if the speed of sound is 320 m/s and the total time for the echoes is 9.4 s?
What is the primary reason that the light at the lower end of the spectrum (X) refracts less than the light at the upper end (Y) in a prism?
What is the primary reason that the light at the lower end of the spectrum (X) refracts less than the light at the upper end (Y) in a prism?
Which type of waves is used for communication from the Earth to a satellite?
Which type of waves is used for communication from the Earth to a satellite?
What is the density ratio of cubes X and Y if the side of cube X is twice that of cube Y and both have the same mass?
What is the density ratio of cubes X and Y if the side of cube X is twice that of cube Y and both have the same mass?
Which quantity among the following is classified as a vector?
Which quantity among the following is classified as a vector?
What are X and Y in relation to the generator shown?
What are X and Y in relation to the generator shown?
Which statement accurately describes the motion of the car during the first 12 seconds of its journey?
Which statement accurately describes the motion of the car during the first 12 seconds of its journey?
Which statements regarding the loudspeaker are correct?
Which statements regarding the loudspeaker are correct?
How many turns are on the secondary coil of a step-down transformer that converts 240 V a.c. to 12 V a.c. with 600 turns on the primary coil?
How many turns are on the secondary coil of a step-down transformer that converts 240 V a.c. to 12 V a.c. with 600 turns on the primary coil?
What is the total distance travelled by the car after 12 seconds according to the given intervals?
What is the total distance travelled by the car after 12 seconds according to the given intervals?
If two objects have the same mass, but one has double the volume, how does their density compare?
If two objects have the same mass, but one has double the volume, how does their density compare?
What conclusion is not supported by the results of directing alpha particles at gold foil?
What conclusion is not supported by the results of directing alpha particles at gold foil?
As an object slides down a frictionless slope, what direction does the surface push back against the object?
As an object slides down a frictionless slope, what direction does the surface push back against the object?
In a working loudspeaker, which phenomenon occurs due to alternating current?
In a working loudspeaker, which phenomenon occurs due to alternating current?
What characteristic of alpha particles was observed when directed at gold foil?
What characteristic of alpha particles was observed when directed at gold foil?
Which expression represents the thinking distance for a car that is braking?
Which expression represents the thinking distance for a car that is braking?
What does the transformer’s turns ratio indicate when stepping down voltage?
What does the transformer’s turns ratio indicate when stepping down voltage?
If a car travels 10 meters in the first 2 seconds and then consistently increases its distance travelled, what can be inferred about its acceleration?
If a car travels 10 meters in the first 2 seconds and then consistently increases its distance travelled, what can be inferred about its acceleration?
Which component in a generator ensures alternating current production?
Which component in a generator ensures alternating current production?
What effect will moving the radioactive source closer to the detector have on the count rate?
What effect will moving the radioactive source closer to the detector have on the count rate?
Which statement accurately describes nuclear fusion?
Which statement accurately describes nuclear fusion?
Which of the following statements about the Earth's orbit is correct?
Which of the following statements about the Earth's orbit is correct?
What will happen to the count rate if a thick sheet of lead is placed between the radioactive source and the detector?
What will happen to the count rate if a thick sheet of lead is placed between the radioactive source and the detector?
How long does it take for light from the Sun to reach the Earth?
How long does it take for light from the Sun to reach the Earth?
Which of the following statements regarding a magnetic field and gamma radiation is correct?
Which of the following statements regarding a magnetic field and gamma radiation is correct?
Which process describes the splitting of a heavy nucleus into two lighter nuclei?
Which process describes the splitting of a heavy nucleus into two lighter nuclei?
What is the orbital shape of the Earth around the Sun?
What is the orbital shape of the Earth around the Sun?
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Study Notes
Energy Transfer
- Energy is measured in Joules (J)
- Energy can be transferred in several ways:
- Conduction
- Convection
- Radiation
- A hot meal in a shiny foil container stays hot because the foil is a poor emitter of infrared radiation
Sound and Waves
- The frequency of a wave is the number of wavelengths passing a point in one second
Light
- Light travels in straight lines
- Light can be reflected or refracted
- When light travels from a less dense medium (air) to a denser medium (glass), it is refracted towards the normal
- White light contains all the colors of the visible spectrum
- The speed of light in a vacuum is 3 × 10⁸ m/s
- The electromagnetic spectrum is a range of waves with different frequencies and wavelengths
- Light is part of the electromagnetic spectrum
- Infrared waves are used to communicate with a remote control
- Microwaves are used to communicate with satellites
Electricity
- An alternating current (a.c.) changes direction regularly
- A transformer is used to change the voltage of an alternating current
- A step-down transformer decreases voltage
- The number of turns on the primary coil of a transformer is directly proportional to the voltage on the primary coil.
- The ratio of the number of turns on the primary coil to the number of turns on the secondary coil is equal to the ratio of the voltage on the primary coil to the voltage on the secondary coil.
- The number of turns on the primary coil divided by the number of turns on the secondary coil is equal to the ratio of the voltage on the primary coil to the voltage on the secondary coil.
Forces and Motion
- Force is a vector quantity
- Thinking distance is the distance a vehicle travels during the driver’s reaction time
- Breaking distance is the distance a vehicle travels while braking
- Thinking distance is directly proportional to speed
Density
- The density of an object is its mass per unit volume
- The density of an object is equal to the mass of the object divided by the volume of the object
Radioactivity
- Alpha particles are helium nuclei
- Gamma radiation is a form of electromagnetic radiation
- Gamma radiation is highly penetrating
- Nuclear fusion is the joining together of two nuclei to make a larger nucleus
Space
- The Earth follows an elliptical orbit around the Sun
- It takes approximately one year for the Earth to orbit the Sun
- It takes approximately one month for the Moon to orbit the Earth
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