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Questions and Answers
What is genetics primarily concerned with?
What is genetics primarily concerned with?
How are traits controlled according to the text?
How are traits controlled according to the text?
What is the function of a recessive gene?
What is the function of a recessive gene?
How is the dominant gene represented in terms of letters?
How is the dominant gene represented in terms of letters?
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What does the term 'phenotype' refer to in genetics?
What does the term 'phenotype' refer to in genetics?
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Why is the recessive color unseen in genetic inheritance?
Why is the recessive color unseen in genetic inheritance?
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What is the definition of genotype?
What is the definition of genotype?
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Which term refers to having two identical alleles for a specific gene?
Which term refers to having two identical alleles for a specific gene?
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If you cross two true-breeding pea plants with purple and white flowers, what is the expected phenotype ratio in the offspring?
If you cross two true-breeding pea plants with purple and white flowers, what is the expected phenotype ratio in the offspring?
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What does a Punnett square help predict?
What does a Punnett square help predict?
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In Mendel's experiments, what happens if you cross two plants that are true-breeding for contrasting traits?
In Mendel's experiments, what happens if you cross two plants that are true-breeding for contrasting traits?
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What does a pedigree show in terms of genetic information?
What does a pedigree show in terms of genetic information?
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Study Notes
Genetics Basics
- Genetics is primarily concerned with the study of heredity and variation.
Traits and Genes
- Traits are controlled by genes, which are made up of alleles that can be dominant or recessive.
- A recessive gene is a gene that will only be expressed if an individual has two copies of it (one from each parent).
- Dominant genes are represented by uppercase letters (e.g., R), while recessive genes are represented by lowercase letters (e.g., r).
Phenotype and Genotype
- The phenotype refers to the physical expression or characteristics of an organism, such as eye color, hair color, or flower color.
- The genotype refers to the genetic makeup of an organism, including the alleles it possesses for a particular gene.
Inheritance Patterns
- The recessive color is unseen in genetic inheritance because it is masked by the dominant gene.
- If you cross two true-breeding pea plants with purple and white flowers, the expected phenotype ratio in the offspring is 3:1 (3 purple:1 white).
- When two plants that are true-breeding for contrasting traits are crossed, the offspring will exhibit a mixture of the two traits.
Prediction and Analysis Tools
- A Punnett square is a diagram that helps predict the probability of different genotypes and phenotypes in offspring.
- A pedigree is a graphical representation of a family's genetic history, showing the relationships between individuals and their genetic traits.
Key Terms
- Homozygous refers to having two identical alleles for a specific gene.
- True-breeding refers to an organism that always produces offspring with the same traits when bred with another organism of the same genotype.
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Description
Test your knowledge on genetics with this quiz covering the basics of hereditary, traits, and the study of how traits are passed from parents to offspring. Explore key concepts related to Gregor Johann Mendel, the father of genetics.
