Science 9 Chemistry Concept Map

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Questions and Answers

What information does the atomic number provide about an element?

The number of protons in the nucleus (correct)

The total mass of the element

The position of the element in the periodic table

The number of neutrons in the nucleus

Which element was discovered that matched Mendeleev's predictions regarding its properties?

Cobalt

Californium

Argon

Gallium (correct)

How are elements grouped in the periodic table?

By their color and appearance

By their discovery date

By their chemical properties (correct)

By their atomic weights

What does the symbol 'Ag' represent in the periodic table?

Silver Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following elements is named after a scientist?

Einsteinium Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary purpose of hazard symbols on materials?

To provide safety information Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a type of material classification mentioned?

Meat products Signup and view all the answers

What does WHMIS stand for?

Workplace Hazardous Materials Information System Signup and view all the answers

What evidence indicates a chemical change has occurred?

Temperature change Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a reason to classify materials?

To make products visually appealing Signup and view all the answers

How can you assess whether a new substance has been created?

By observing its physical properties before and after the change Signup and view all the answers

What method can be used for learning WHMIS symbols effectively?

Creating flashcards Signup and view all the answers

Which is a characteristic of hazardous material symbols?

They have specific shapes and colors Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes a pure substance?

Made up of only one kind of matter Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of a mechanical mixture?

Frozen mixed vegetables Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of a colloid?

It has tiny particles that cannot be easily separated Signup and view all the answers

Which statement is true about compounds?

Compounds consist of two or more combined pure substances. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following substances is classified as a solution?

Sugar in coffee Signup and view all the answers

What is the correct chemical formula for Sodium Chloride?

NaCl Signup and view all the answers

How is the charge of Iron indicated in the compound Iron (III) oxide?

By using a Roman numeral Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a property of molecular compounds?

Low boiling point Signup and view all the answers

What happens when combining Magnesium and Phosphorus in terms of ionic bonding?

They form magnesium phosphide with the formula Mg3P2. Signup and view all the answers

What is the ion charge of Alkali Metals?

+1 Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following combinations is NOT a molecular compound?

Calcium Chloride (CaCl2) Signup and view all the answers

When writing the formula for a molecular compound, what is the common practice for naming the non-metal?

Change the ending to '-ide' Signup and view all the answers

For which of these compounds would you expect to find a Roman numeral in its name?

Iron (II) Fluoride Signup and view all the answers

What are the materials called at the start of a chemical reaction?

Reactants Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of an exothermic reaction?

Fireplace burning wood Signup and view all the answers

What is produced during the combustion of wood in a campfire?

Water and carbon dioxide Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following correctly describes cellular respiration?

It involves food reacting with oxygen to produce energy. Signup and view all the answers

Which factor does NOT affect the rate of a chemical reaction?

Color of the reactants Signup and view all the answers

What is the Law of Conservation of Mass?

Matter is not created or destroyed in a chemical reaction. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an indicator of a chemical change?

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

What happens in an endothermic reaction?

Heat is absorbed. Signup and view all the answers

What is formed as a result of the rusting process?

Iron oxide Signup and view all the answers

What type of chemical reaction involves oxygen and generates energy?

Combustion Signup and view all the answers

In a closed system, what happens to the mass of products compared to the mass of reactants?

Mass remains the same. Signup and view all the answers

Which substance can act as a catalyst in the human body?

Enzymes Signup and view all the answers

How can the surface area of reactants affect a chemical reaction?

A larger surface area increases the reaction rate. Signup and view all the answers

What is a common evidence of a chemical reaction that involves oxygen?

Rust formation on iron Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Properties of Materials

Materials can be classified by physical and chemical properties.
Pure substances consist of one type of matter with unique properties (e.g., elements and compounds).
Mixtures are combinations of pure substances that do not chemically combine; can be classified as mechanical mixtures or solutions.

Types of Mixtures

Mechanical Mixture: Visible different substances (e.g., soil, frozen vegetables).
Solution: Homogeneous mixture where one substance is dissolved in another (e.g., sugar in coffee).
Suspension: Cloudy mixture with tiny particles that can be filtered (e.g., tomato juice).
Colloid: Cloudy mixture where particles cannot be easily separated (e.g., milk, ketchup).

Chemical Change and Evidence

Chemical change results in the formation of new substances; reactants combine to produce products.
Evidence of chemical change includes color changes, formation of gas or solids, release or absorption of heat.

Safety in the Science Classroom

Safety hazard symbols indicate potential dangers of materials used in science.
WHMIS (Workplace Hazardous Materials Information System) provides standardized symbols for hazardous materials to improve safety.

The Periodic Table

Consists of elements organized in rows (periods) and columns (groups/families) based on similar properties.
Each element box contains its symbol, atomic number (number of protons), and can include the element's name and origins of its name.

Ionic and Molecular Compounds

Ionic compounds are formed from metals and non-metals through transfer of electrons; represented with chemical formulas (e.g., NaCl).
Molecular compounds form when non-metals combine, can exist as solids, liquids, or gases.

Chemical Reactions

Involves the transformation of reactants into products with observable changes.
Reactants: substances that undergo change; Products: new substances formed.
The Law of Conservation of Mass states that mass is conserved in chemical reactions, where total mass of reactants equals total mass of products.

Rate of Chemical Reactions

Four factors influencing reaction rates: presence of catalysts, concentration of reactants, temperature, and surface area.
Catalysts speed up reactions without being consumed; common examples include enzymes in biological systems.

Exothermic and Endothermic Reactions

Exothermic reactions release heat (e.g., combustion).
Endothermic reactions absorb heat (e.g., cold packs).

Common Chemical Processes

Combustion: reaction of a substance with oxygen to produce heat and light.
Corrosion: slow reaction between a metal and oxygen, leading to rusting (e.g., iron to iron oxide).
Cellular respiration: converts glucose and oxygen into energy, water, and carbon dioxide in cells.

Naming Ionic Compounds

Roman numerals are used in the names of transitions metals to indicate the charge of the ion used (e.g., CuSO4 as Copper (II) Sulfate).
The naming convention includes writing the metal first and changing the non-metal name to end in -ide.

Flashcard Creation for WHMIS Symbols

Create flashcards for safety symbols to aid memorization, including hazard symbols and their corresponding products.

Studying That Suits You

Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

Description

Explore the fundamental concepts of materials in chemistry through this quiz designed for 9th-grade students. Investigate the properties of materials, understand chemical changes, and recognize the evidence of these changes. This quiz aligns with the general outcomes for a comprehensive understanding of physical and chemical properties.