Science 21 - Carbon Cycle Flashcards

Molecules made only of carbon and hydrogen that are formed by the decomposition of the remains of prehistoric animals and plants.

Coal is formed through the remains of vegetation which has accumulated in swamps or bogs millions of years ago.

Oil and gas are formed by the decomposition of organisms, such as plankton or algae, in seas or lakes.

<p>Fossil fuels are burnt to produce electricity, converting chemical energy into heat energy to create steam, which drives a turbine.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Australia has an abundant supply of coal which is cheap and has established power plants for easy electricity generation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Moving a magnet near a coil of wire produces an induced electric current in the coil.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Coal will last around 250 years, gas for 70 years, and oil for only 50 years.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Photosynthesis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Respiration and decomposition.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Where carbon exists in the carbon cycle for a prolonged period of time.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Atmosphere, oceans, forests, limestone rocks.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A process where carbon is transferred between different parts of the carbon cycle.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Photosynthesis, decomposition, CO2 dissolving in seawater, respiration.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Something that absorbs more carbon than it releases.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Forests, oceans.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Something that releases more carbon than it absorbs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Volcanoes, transport, industry, bushfires.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Deforestation reduces the capacity of forests to be carbon sinks, and if vegetation is burnt, it becomes a carbon source.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It is a carbon store that becomes a carbon source when fossil fuels are burned, releasing CO2 into the atmosphere.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Carbon offsetting is a financial tool that enables businesses and individuals to invest in environmentally friendly projects.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A measure of individual or organizational greenhouse gas emissions that support human activity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Wealth correlates with carbon footprints; developed countries tend to have larger footprints.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide, water vapor, ozone, nitrous oxide.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Some gases in the atmosphere act like a blanket, keeping the planet around 33º warmer.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Human activity has increased greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, enhancing its ability to trap heat.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Burning fossil fuels for energy, deforestation, and agricultural practices that release methane.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The increase in temperatures of Earth's oceans and atmosphere.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The industrial revolution marked the beginning of extensive fossil fuel burning and industrialization.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Icebergs are already in the sea, while glaciers are on land and their melting adds water to oceans.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Coral bleaching caused by small changes in temperature leading to stress in corals.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Changes to fire regimes, rising sea levels, and increased storm activity impacting ecosystems.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Pollution that leads to the formation of sulfuric acid and nitric acid from sulfur dioxide and nitrogen dioxide.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>In kilowatt-hours (kWh).</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>2.3 * 3.5 = 8.05 kWh.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>4.6 * (7.5/60) = 0.575 kWh.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Purchase energy efficient appliances, reduce use of heating or air conditioning, unplug appliances on standby.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Renewable, pollution-free, energy source is free.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Most expensive to produce/purchase, limited by sunlight exposure.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Direct use of heated water, renewable, pollution-free, energy source is free.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Limited by sunlight exposure.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Very efficient and great capacity for power generation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Environmental impacts; noise, visual, bird deaths, limited by lack of wind.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Free, renewable source of energy, non-polluting.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Environmental effects of damming a river; reduced downstream flow, interrupts breeding of migratory fish.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Direct use for water heating, efficient, renewable, non-polluting.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Limited by geographic locations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Renewable, non-polluting.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Can be expensive to set up, limited by geographic locations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Renewable, non-polluting.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Can be expensive to set up, limited by geographic locations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Provides income to farmers for excess crops or waste materials, supplements oil supply.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Releases CO2 only partially offset by replanting.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Australia has access to abundant uranium, providing jobs and reducing reliance on coal.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>High construction costs, safety concerns, and nuclear waste management challenges.</p> Signup and view all the answers