SCI100 Environmental, Health and Safety (EHS) - Risk Management

Environmental, Health, and Safety (EHS) - Risk Management

• Risk relates to exposure to danger, which is the probability (likelihood) of injury or loss.
• Hazard is any source of potential damage, harm, or adverse health effects.
• Risk is the probability or likelihood of an incident happening in relation to the severity of the incident when it happens, calculated as Risk = Probability X Severity.

Risk Rating and Risk Assessment

• Probability refers to something likely to happen.
• Severity refers to the condition of being very bad, serious, unpleasant, or harsh.
• Risk rating is a process of estimating the level of risk and determining its tolerability.

Risk Management Process

• Identify hazards, assess risks, and implement risk controls.
• Requirements of risk management include developing, implementing, and maintaining a risk management program.
• Benefits of risk management include protecting employees and the public, protecting the reputation and public image of the entity, increasing operational stability, and preventing and reducing legal liability.

Hazard Identification, Risk Assessment, and Risk Control (HIRARC)

• HIRARC is a process of identifying hazard sources or situations, estimating the level of risk, and reducing or eliminating risks.
• HIRARC evaluates the workplace, equipment, training, and procedures.

Five Steps of Risk Assessment

• Step 1: Identify hazards, generating a comprehensive list of sources of risk.
• Step 2: Identify losses, including harm or damage to people, the environment, and assets.
• Step 3: Evaluate risk, using the formula Risk = Probability X Severity.
• Step 4: Implement risk controls, considering elimination, engineering controls, administrative controls, and personal protective equipment.
• Step 5: Implement and review, monitoring and reviewing the risk control measures.

Risk Assessment Tools

• Tools include HAZOP, HAZID, FMEA, Bow tie, and PHA.

Risk Register

• A risk register is a tool in risk management and project management, recording the nature of the risk, level of risk, who owns it, and control measures in place.
• A risk register helps entities collect and monitor risks, plan to respond quickly, and demonstrate due diligence and legal compliance.

Environmental, Health, and Safety (EHS) - Risk Management

• Risk relates to exposure to danger, which is the probability (likelihood) of injury or loss.
• Hazard is any source of potential damage, harm, or adverse health effects.
• Risk is the probability or likelihood of an incident happening in relation to the severity of the incident when it happens, calculated as Risk = Probability X Severity.

Risk Rating and Risk Assessment

• Probability refers to something likely to happen.
• Severity refers to the condition of being very bad, serious, unpleasant, or harsh.
• Risk rating is a process of estimating the level of risk and determining its tolerability.

Risk Management Process

• Identify hazards, assess risks, and implement risk controls.
• Requirements of risk management include developing, implementing, and maintaining a risk management program.
• Benefits of risk management include protecting employees and the public, protecting the reputation and public image of the entity, increasing operational stability, and preventing and reducing legal liability.

Hazard Identification, Risk Assessment, and Risk Control (HIRARC)

• HIRARC is a process of identifying hazard sources or situations, estimating the level of risk, and reducing or eliminating risks.
• HIRARC evaluates the workplace, equipment, training, and procedures.

Five Steps of Risk Assessment

• Step 1: Identify hazards, generating a comprehensive list of sources of risk.
• Step 2: Identify losses, including harm or damage to people, the environment, and assets.
• Step 3: Evaluate risk, using the formula Risk = Probability X Severity.
• Step 4: Implement risk controls, considering elimination, engineering controls, administrative controls, and personal protective equipment.
• Step 5: Implement and review, monitoring and reviewing the risk control measures.

Risk Assessment Tools

• Tools include HAZOP, HAZID, FMEA, Bow tie, and PHA.

Risk Register

• A risk register is a tool in risk management and project management, recording the nature of the risk, level of risk, who owns it, and control measures in place.
• A risk register helps entities collect and monitor risks, plan to respond quickly, and demonstrate due diligence and legal compliance.

Environmental, Health, and Safety (EHS) - Risk Management

• Risk relates to exposure to danger, which is the probability (likelihood) of injury or loss.
• Hazard is any source of potential damage, harm, or adverse health effects.
• Risk is the probability or likelihood of an incident happening in relation to the severity of the incident when it happens, calculated as Risk = Probability X Severity.

Risk Rating and Risk Assessment

• Probability refers to something likely to happen.
• Severity refers to the condition of being very bad, serious, unpleasant, or harsh.
• Risk rating is a process of estimating the level of risk and determining its tolerability.

Risk Management Process

• Identify hazards, assess risks, and implement risk controls.
• Requirements of risk management include developing, implementing, and maintaining a risk management program.
• Benefits of risk management include protecting employees and the public, protecting the reputation and public image of the entity, increasing operational stability, and preventing and reducing legal liability.

Hazard Identification, Risk Assessment, and Risk Control (HIRARC)

• HIRARC is a process of identifying hazard sources or situations, estimating the level of risk, and reducing or eliminating risks.
• HIRARC evaluates the workplace, equipment, training, and procedures.

Five Steps of Risk Assessment

• Step 1: Identify hazards, generating a comprehensive list of sources of risk.
• Step 2: Identify losses, including harm or damage to people, the environment, and assets.
• Step 3: Evaluate risk, using the formula Risk = Probability X Severity.
• Step 4: Implement risk controls, considering elimination, engineering controls, administrative controls, and personal protective equipment.
• Step 5: Implement and review, monitoring and reviewing the risk control measures.

Risk Assessment Tools

• Tools include HAZOP, HAZID, FMEA, Bow tie, and PHA.

Risk Register

• A risk register is a tool in risk management and project management, recording the nature of the risk, level of risk, who owns it, and control measures in place.
• A risk register helps entities collect and monitor risks, plan to respond quickly, and demonstrate due diligence and legal compliance.

Relationship from Hazard to Accident/Incident

• Hazard: potential to cause harm, including ill health, injury, damage to property, plant/machinery, products, or the environment, and production losses or increased liabilities.
• Risk: likelihood of a specified undesired event occurring due to the realization of a hazard.
• Incident: any event that could have resulted in an accident, but may not have resulted in damage, harm, or injury.
• Near miss: an incident that could have led to serious injury or loss of life.
• Accident: undesired circumstances that give rise to ill-health or injury, damage to property, plant, products, or the environment, production losses, or increased liabilities.

Accident Causation

• Accident causation models were developed to assist in investigating occupational accidents/incidents and understanding the reasons or causes.
• Domino Theory: a sequence of factors leading to an accident, including injury, accident, unsafe act, and fault of the person.
• Domino Theory sequence: injury caused by an accident, due to an unsafe act, and/or mechanical or physical hazard, due to the fault of the person, caused by their ancestry and social environment.

Avoiding Accidents/Incidents

• Accident/Incident is avoided by removing one of the dominoes.
• Domino Theory is the foundation for accident prevention measures aimed at preventing unsafe acts or unsafe conditions.

Implementing Domino Theory

• The accident/incident is avoided by removing one of the dominoes.
• Element 3 (unsafe act and/or mechanical or physical hazard) is probably the easiest factor to remove.

Accident Cost Iceberg Model

• Proportion of hidden costs could be much larger than the costs directly related to the accident.
• Direct cost can be estimated based on the nature of the accident.
• Indirect cost is the biggest obstacle for a reliable predictor of the total cost of accidents.

Emergency Response

• Six Critical Elements of Emergency Preparedness:
  1. Identification of influencing factors.
  2. Establishment of disaster management policy.
  3. Organisation for disaster management.
  4. Disaster and emergency planning.
  5. Monitoring of emergency preparedness plan.
  6. Audit and review the plan regularly to ensure it meets known and emerging risks.

Emergency Response Planning

• Flow chart for emergency response planning.
• Evacuation planning.
• Incident action planning.
• Emergency procedure.

Federal Decree-Law No.(2) of 2011

• Key Points: objectives and competences of the authority, emergency, crisis, and disaster management, levels, prevention and preparedness measures, response and recovery measures, management teams, declaration of the disaster-stricken area, risk and threat register.
• Ensuring Business Continuity, Occupational and Institutional Security and Safety, Information Exchange and Public Communication, Use of Government Resources, Public-benefit Associations, and the Private Sector, Providing Assistance and Compensation, External Emergencies, Crises, and Disasters, and International Aid.

This quiz covers the basics of risk management in environmental, health, and safety (EHS) context. It differentiates between hazard and risk, and understands risk rating and risk assessment.