Scholar Research Process and Methods

<p>Experimental design (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It divides the population into strata and samples from each. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To demonstrate whether a hypothesis is true (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Statistical inference (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Snowball sampling (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Heterogeneous population (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The range within which a population parameter is likely to lie (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Voluntary participation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Discourse analysis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Unstructured interviews (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Social desirability bias (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Anonymity (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To identify empirical indicators for measurement (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Firsthand observation and study (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Limited scope and formal nature (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Variables that are measured without manipulation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ordinal variables (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Informed consent (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The connection between power and language (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A single value representing a set of data points (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Semi-structured interviews (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A sample that reflects the characteristics of the population (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A measure of how much values spread out from the mean (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The correlation of two variables caused by a third factor (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A distortion in the representativeness of a sample (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The difference between the highest and lowest values (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To make predictions beyond the given data (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They provide fast results at a low cost. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It involves the researcher immersing in the group over time. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The unconscious belief systems behind actions and dialogue. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They often produce low validity results. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Correlational claims. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Genuineness of content. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The setting can feel unnatural, affecting participant responses. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The consistency of results across multiple trials. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Trend study. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Close field observation of socio-cultural phenomena. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A logical research approach with explicit procedures, open to scrutiny, and based on shared assumptions and methods.

Research conducted by the researcher directly through firsthand observation and study.

Research using data collected by others to analyze a topic or form an argument.

The study of unspoken rules guiding social interactions, originating in ethnomethodology.

Examining how language, including visuals, shapes social reality and its effects.

An interdisciplinary study of discourse exploring how language reinforces social and political power.

Ensuring participants are not coerced into participating in a study.

Participants must be fully aware of the procedures and potential risks involved in a study.

Guaranteeing that information acquired in a study is not shared with anyone outside of the research team.

Participants remain anonymous throughout the study, even to the researchers.

A moderated discussion with a small group of people to gather information and insights on a specific topic. Ideal for exploring perspectives, opinions, and reactions.

The facilitator who guides the discussion, encourages participation, and ensures all members contribute to the conversation.

The interplay between participants, including verbal and nonverbal communication, that creates an engaging and often synergistic effect.

Rich data, in-depth exploration of topics, assessment of perspectives, non-reactive insights, flexible format, and relatively fast and cost-effective.

Artificial setting, focus on verbal communication, limited control, data analysis challenges, moderator skill requirements, potential group bias, and a restrictive environment.

Examines past events, individuals, and contexts to understand how things happened and why.

Focuses on understanding current events, individuals, social groups, or processes. Involves analyzing policies and specific cases to draw conclusions.

A research method where the researcher immerses themselves in a group for an extended period, observing behavior, listening to conversations, and conducting interviews to understand the culture and behavior within that context.

A method of studying unconscious beliefs and codes that guide our actions and communication. Analyzes everyday interactions and communication patterns to uncover underlying structures.

A systematic and detailed examination of a body of material (text, visuals, etc.) to identify themes, patterns, biases, and meanings.

The process of defining and measuring a concept in a research study by identifying specific, observable indicators.

A characteristic or attribute that can vary among individuals or objects in a study.

A variable that is manipulated or controlled by the researcher, and is thought to influence the dependent variable.

The variable that is measured or observed in a study, and is thought to be influenced by the independent variable.

A variable whose categories are distinct and have no inherent order, like gender, ethnicity, or political party.

A variable whose categories can be ranked, but the distances between categories are not equal.

A variable whose categories can be ranked and the distances between them are equal.

A relationship between two variables where they tend to change together, but one doesn't necessarily cause the other.

A relationship between two variables where one variable directly influences or causes a change in the other.

Relationship between two variables that appears to be causal, but is in fact caused by a third, hidden factor.

The difference between a sample statistic and the actual population parameter. This error arises because a sample is only a subset of the population.

Every member of the population has an equal chance of being selected for the sample. It's like drawing names out of a hat.

Dividing the population into subgroups based on shared characteristics, then taking a random sample from each subgroup. This ensures representation of all groups.

Dividing the population into clusters, randomly selecting clusters, and then taking a sample from each selected cluster.

Selecting every nth element from a list of the population, starting from a random point.

Selecting individuals who are readily available and accessible. This method is often used for quick and easy data collection.

Selecting individuals based on specific characteristics relevant to the research question. This method is useful for studying specific groups.

Starting with a small group and then asking them to refer you to other individuals who fit the research criteria.

A range of values that is likely to contain the true population parameter. It represents the uncertainty in our estimate from the sample.

A systematic error in the sampling process that leads to a sample not being representative of the population.