20 Questions
Which symptom is NOT listed as a negative symptom of schizophrenia?
Elevated mood swings
How long should signs persist for a diagnosis of schizophrenia?
6 months
What is required for a diagnosis of schizophrenia?
Social/occupational dysfunction
What is the historical treatment for psychosis before the use of antipsychotics?
Frontal lobotomies and electro-convulsive therapy
What is the primary mechanism of action for all antipsychotics?
D2 receptor antagonism
At what percentage of D2 receptor occupancy do typical antipsychotics achieve clinical efficacy?
60 – 80 %
Which of the following is a supported argument against the dopamine hypothesis of schizophrenia?
Antipsychotics upregulate DA receptors
What is the primary function of the nigrostriatal dopamine pathway?
Movement regulation
Which neurotransmitter deficiency is implicated in causing dopamine dysregulation in the NAc and medial PFC?
Glutamate
What is the major abnormality related to dopamine in untreated patients with schizophrenia?
Elevated baseline of DA release
Which brain area is primarily associated with the Tuberoinfundibular dopamine pathway?
Pituitary gland
Which class of antipsychotics generally do not cause movement impairment?
Diazepines
What is the primary molecular action of typical antipsychotics?
80% receptor occupancy at therapeutic doses
Which atypical antipsychotic has a partial agonist action?
Aripiprazole
Which two atypical antipsychotics have high affinity for D4 receptors?
Clozapine and risperidone
Which side effect is specifically associated with Clozapine?
Agranulocytosis
What is the long-term effect of upregulation of presynaptic D2 receptors?
Reduces dopamine release
What is the first-line treatment for schizophrenia?
Atypical antipsychotics
Which symptoms may take 6 – 12 months to improve with antipsychotic treatment?
Negative and cognitive symptoms
What is the major side effect of typical antipsychotics related to metabolic syndrome?
Endocrine issues
Test your knowledge of schizophrenia with this quiz. Explore the multifactorial causes, risk factors, and the role of genetics and environment in the development of this cognitive function disorder.
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