SCBC206 Amino Acids, Peptides & Proteins

The primary structures of proteins are determined by the sequence of amino acids.

Peptide bonds are significant because they link amino acids together, forming the backbone of protein structures.

Amino acids serve as the building blocks for enzymes, which catalyze biochemical reactions.

<p>Essential amino acids cannot be synthesized by the body and must be obtained from diet, while non-essential amino acids can be produced by the body.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The tertiary structure of proteins is crucial for their functionality, as it determines the overall 3D shape essential for biological activity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Enzymes accelerate chemical reactions within the cell.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Insulin regulates blood sugar levels.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hemoglobin transports oxygen throughout the body.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ferritin stores iron within the body.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Contractile proteins, like actin and myosin, are primarily found in muscle cells.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Collagen is a structural protein important for maintaining tissue integrity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The primary structure of a protein is defined by the sequence of amino acids.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Antibodies function as defense proteins that identify and neutralize pathogens.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Proteins are polymers of amino acids linked by peptide bonds.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The two common forms that characterize the secondary structure of proteins are α-helix and β-sheet.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The tertiary structure of a protein is formed by the folding of the entire polypeptide chain.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The quaternary structure is significant as it involves the assembly of multiple polypeptide chains, such as the two α and two β chains in hemoglobin.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Collagen provides strength in connective tissues such as tendons, cartilage, and the cornea.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Myoglobin and hemoglobin are responsible for storing and transporting oxygen.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A ligand is a molecule that binds to a protein in a reversible manner.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The binding of a ligand influences protein structure by causing conformational changes that optimize the protein's fit to the ligand.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It is caused by a mutation in the hemoglobin protein.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Keratin is a structural protein that provides strength and protection to skin and hair.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Insulin is a peptide hormone that regulates blood sugar levels by facilitating the uptake of glucose into cells.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Transport proteins facilitate the movement of substances across cell membranes; hemoglobin is an example.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Enzymes catalyze biochemical reactions, increasing reaction rates and enabling metabolic processes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Defense proteins, such as antibodies, play a critical role in detecting and neutralizing pathogens.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Regulatory proteins control various biological processes, including gene expression and enzyme activity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Contractile proteins, such as actin and myosin, are involved in muscle movement.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Proteins are composed of polymers of amino acids.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>There are 20 different amino acids.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The formation of polypeptides involves condensation reactions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The two ends of a polypeptide chain are called the N-terminal and C-terminal.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Proteins can be found in all living organisms.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The primary structural form of proteins is a linear sequence of amino acids.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The sequence of amino acids determines the protein's final 3D structure and function.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Side chains of amino acids influence protein folding and stability.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Different amino acids are distinguished by their unique side chains.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The structural features of proteins are directly related to their specific biological functions.</p> Signup and view all the answers