Scapular Winging and Swimmer's Shoulder: Causes and Symptoms

Study Notes

Scapular Winging

Main mechanism of scapular winging is nerve damage
Spinal accessory nerve crosses over the posterior cervical triangle
Long Thoracic Nerve innervates the Serratus Anterior
Symptoms of scapular winging include difficulty with overhead motions
Aggressive treatment includes scapulothoracic arthrodesis

Swimmer's Shoulder

Main cause of swimmer's shoulder is overuse of shoulder muscles
Rotator cuff is the most commonly affected muscle in swimmer's shoulder
Most common symptom of impingement syndrome is shoulder pain
Increasing swimming intensity and frequency is not a common treatment option for swimmer's shoulder

Malignant Melanoma

Sunburn is a mechanism of malignant melanoma
Layer between the epidermis and dermis is called the basement membrane
"A" in the "ABCD" criteria stands for asymmetry
Sentinel lymph node biopsy is a 2-step procedure
Chest radiograph is an annual test for malignant melanoma

Thermoregulation

Primary function of the hypothalamus in response to cold temperatures is to initiate heat production and conservation responses
Hypothalamus is responsible for maintaining core body temperature
Hyperthermia is not a symptom of hypothermia
Extracorporeal blood warming is the most effective for rewarming a patient

Heatstroke

Not sweating is not a symptom of heatstroke
Children and elderly are most susceptible to heatstroke
Goal of heatstroke treatment is to lower the body’s temperature
Staying hydrated, avoiding exertion, and wearing loose fitting clothes all prevent heatstroke

Turf Toe

Most common mechanism for turf toe is sports
MTP stands for metatarsophalangeal
Lachman's test should be performed for turf toe
Main form of treatment for turf toe is R.I.C.E
Turf toe happens most in football

Commotio Cordis

Commotio cordis is a sudden cardiac arrest triggered by blunt chest trauma
Heart is directly impacted by commotio cordis
Most common immediate symptom of commotio cordis is loss of consciousness
CPR and AED should be used for immediate treatment of commotio cordis
A sudden blunt chest trauma is the mechanism for commotio cordis

Tibial Stress Fracture

Most effective form of aggressive treatment for a tibial stress fracture is surgery
Pain in the knee is not a symptom of a tibial stress fracture
25+ miles of running per week is a risk factor for a tibial stress fracture
Tibial shaft is the most common fracture site for a tibial stress fracture
Swimming is not a mechanism for a tibial stress fracture

Sternoclavicular Separation

CT scans are the most commonly used in identifying Sternoclavicular separation
Chest pain was 100% present in patients with commotio cordis
Medial end of the clavicle is the last to fuse
Use of closed reduction in sternoclavicular separation is effective but does not get rid of physical deformity
Most common mechanism of sternoclavicular separation is motor vehicle accidents

Achilles Tendon Rupture

Most common mechanism of an achilles tendon rupture is heavy pushing off
Gastrocnemius is the origin of the achilles tendon
Patients will report loud popping sounds from an achilles tendon rupture
Patients being diagnosed with achilles tendon rupture will lie prone for the Thompson test
Achilles tendon ruptures happen the most often in football players

Achilles Tendinopathy

Medication is not an intrinsic factor of achilles tendinopathy
Achilles tendon is made up of mostly type 1 collagen
Sural nerve innervates the achilles tendon
Patients with achillies tendinopathy will report morning stiffness
Tibialis anterior tendon can replace the flexor hallucis longus in an FHL transfer
Lateral approach to the detachment/reattachment of the achilles tendon leads to less post-surgery complications

Ulnar Collateral Ligament (UCL) Tear

Valgus stress causes an UCL tear
Most common sport for a UCL tear is baseball
Wrist is a condyloid joint
Hook test is not used to find a UCL tear
Orthobiologics are not surgical treatment for a UCL tear

Description

This quiz covers the anatomy and physiology of scapular winging and swimmer's shoulder, including the causes, symptoms, and treatment options. Learn about the role of the Spinal accessory nerve, Long Thoracic Nerve, and Rotator cuff.