Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which combination of muscles is primarily responsible for the motion that allows you to raise your arm above your head?
Which combination of muscles is primarily responsible for the motion that allows you to raise your arm above your head?
- Lower fibers of Trapezius and Pectoralis Minor executing depression movements.
- Upper fibers of Trapezius and Serratus Anterior, facilitating upward rotation. (correct)
- Rhomboids and Levator Scapula, facilitating downward rotation.
- Rhomboid Major, Rhomboid Minor, and Middle Trapezius causing retraction.
Anterior tilting of the scapula involves the bottom of the scapula tilting forward.
Anterior tilting of the scapula involves the bottom of the scapula tilting forward.
False (B)
If a patient exhibits a winging scapula (the scapula moving away from the body wall), what type of muscular issue might a clinician suspect?
If a patient exhibits a winging scapula (the scapula moving away from the body wall), what type of muscular issue might a clinician suspect?
Serratus anterior weakness
During scapular protraction, ______ rotation occurs to maintain contact between the scapula and the rib cage.
During scapular protraction, ______ rotation occurs to maintain contact between the scapula and the rib cage.
Match the following scapular movements with their primary muscle contributors:
Match the following scapular movements with their primary muscle contributors:
Which movement is NOT one of the three main pairs of scapular movements?
Which movement is NOT one of the three main pairs of scapular movements?
Lateral/external rotation and medial/internal rotation are interchangeable when discussing scapular movement, similar to their usage with long bones.
Lateral/external rotation and medial/internal rotation are interchangeable when discussing scapular movement, similar to their usage with long bones.
Explain how the weight of the upper limb contributes to one of the scapular movements, and identify the movement.
Explain how the weight of the upper limb contributes to one of the scapular movements, and identify the movement.
The serratus anterior, critical for scapular protraction, is often referred to as the ______ muscle.
The serratus anterior, critical for scapular protraction, is often referred to as the ______ muscle.
A physical therapist is treating a patient with limited range of motion in shoulder abduction. Which scapular movement is MOST likely restricted if it impairs the patient from raising their arm above their head?
A physical therapist is treating a patient with limited range of motion in shoulder abduction. Which scapular movement is MOST likely restricted if it impairs the patient from raising their arm above their head?
Flashcards
Protraction
Protraction
Scapula moves anteriorly around the body wall.
Retraction
Retraction
Scapula moves back towards the vertebrae.
Elevation
Elevation
Scapula and clavicle are elevated (shoulder girdle).
Depression
Depression
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Upward (lateral) Rotation
Upward (lateral) Rotation
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Downward (medial) Rotation
Downward (medial) Rotation
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Anterior Tilting
Anterior Tilting
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Posterior Tilting
Posterior Tilting
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Internal Rotation
Internal Rotation
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Boxer's Muscle
Boxer's Muscle
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Study Notes
Scapular Movements Overview
- Scapular movements are often confusing for students.
- There are three main pairs of movements and two additional pairs.
- Focus is on how the scapula moves, not the humerus, shoulder joint, or rotator cuff.
- The scapula attaches the upper limb to the axial skeleton and supports a wide range of movement.
- Muscles hold the scapula against the thoracic wall and facilitate its movement.
Key Scapular Movements
- Protraction involves the scapula being pulled anteriorly around the body wall.
- Serratus anterior, or "The Boxer's Muscle," is the primary muscle for protraction.
- Retraction involves bringing the scapula back towards the vertebrae.
- Rhomboid major, rhomboid minor, and the middle part of the trapezius are responsible for retraction.
- Elevation involves the lifting of the scapula and clavicle (shoulder girdle).
- Upper fibers of the trapezius and levator scapula facilitate elevation.
- Depression involves the lowering of the scapula.
- Lower fibers of the trapezius, pectoralis minor, and latissimus dorsi facilitate depression.
- The weight of the limb also helps with depression.
Scapular Rotation
- The scapula rotates on three different axes.
- Upward (lateral) rotation means the glenoid fossa points upwards.
- Downward (medial) rotation means the glenoid fossa returns to its original position.
- Upper fibers of trapezius and serratus anterior facilitate upward rotation.
- Rhomboids and levator scapula facilitate downward rotation.
- Upward rotation allows raising the arm above the head.
Additional Scapular Movements
- Anterior and posterior tilting (or tipping) are less noticeable movements.
- These tilting movements occur as the scapula stays against the curve of the rib cage during other movements.
- Anterior tilting: Top of the scapula tilts forward.
- Posterior tilting: Top of the scapula tilts backward.
- External and internal rotation involves the scapula rotating about an axis.
- Internal rotation occurs during protraction to keep the scapula against the rib cage.
- Lateral/external rotation and medial/internal rotation are NOT interchangeable when talking about the scapula, unlike with long bones.
Standardization and Usage
- Standardization of terminology is important, but variations may exist across sources.
- Focus on the main three pairs of movements and rotational movements.
- Additional movements may be relevant for specialists like physical therapists.
- Muscle weakness may cause the scapula to move away from the body wall.
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