Scapula Anatomy Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the uppermost border of the scapula called?

  • Inferior Border
  • Lateral Border
  • Superior Border (correct)
  • Vertebral Border

Which structure is located at the thickest part of the scapula?

  • Inferior Angle
  • Lateral Angle (correct)
  • Glenoid Cavity
  • Supraspinous Fossa

Which fossa is associated with muscle attachment on the posterior surface of the scapula?

  • Coracoid Fossa
  • Costal Surface
  • Glenoid Fossa
  • Infraspinous Fossa (correct)

What anatomical structure divides the posterior surface of the scapula into two fossae?

<p>Spine (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where is the glenoid cavity located?

<p>At the lateral angle (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The anterior surface of the scapula is referred to as which of the following?

<p>Costal Surface (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the position of the scapula as viewed laterally compared to the letter Y?

<p>The acromion forms the upper part. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The thick edge of the scapula from the glenoid cavity to the inferior angle is known as which border?

<p>Lateral Border (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of the AP scapula projection?

<p>To identify the anatomic parts of the scapula (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the lateral projection of the scapula, which anatomical structure is NOT part of the Y shape formed?

<p>Glenoid cavity (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following structures is highlighted in the Inferosuperior axial projection?

<p>Head of the humerus (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What configuration does the scapula take during the PA oblique scapular Y lateral projection?

<p>Y-shaped (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which component of the scapula is formed by the combination of the coracoid process, body, and acromion in the lateral projection?

<p>Scapular Y (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which projection is best suited for examining the relationships of the humerus to the glenoid cavity?

<p>Inferosuperior axial projection (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following structures is NOT typically viewed in the AP scapula projection?

<p>Coracoid process (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is the arm abducted during the AP scapula projection?

<p>To prevent scapula overlap with other anatomical parts (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the Inferosuperior axial projection, which part of the scapula extends over the humerus?

<p>Acromion (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common challenge when interpreting the relationships shown in the proximal humerus and scapula projections?

<p>Overlapping of other structures (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of joint classification do all three joints of the shoulder girdle fall under?

<p>Synovial joints (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of movement is primarily allowed by the glenohumeral (shoulder) joint?

<p>Ball-and-socket movement including internal/external rotation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which joint in the shoulder girdle allows the least amount of mobility?

<p>Acromioclavicular joint (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The primary type of joint at the sternoclavicular junction is what?

<p>Plane (gliding) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a significant characteristic of the glenoid cavity in the shoulder joint?

<p>It is shallow, allowing greater mobility. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which joint is most likely to experience dislocation due to its mobility?

<p>Glenohumeral joint (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of secondary movement can occur at the acromioclavicular joint?

<p>Rotary movement and gliding (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of joint is the glenohumeral joint classified as?

<p>Ball-and-socket joint (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of joint enables the clavicle to move in relation to the sternum?

<p>Sternoclavicular joint (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The stability of the glenohumeral joint is provided by which of the following?

<p>Tendons and ligaments (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the minimum source-to-image distance (SID) required for an AP projection of the humerus?

<p>40 inches (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which imaging receptor size is recommended for adults when performing an AP projection of the humerus?

<p>14 x 17 inches (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which condition is NOT a clinical indication for performing an AP projection of the humerus?

<p>Tendinitis of the shoulder (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

For pediatric patients, what is the recommended imaging receptor size for an AP projection of the humerus?

<p>10 x 12 inches (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of grid should be used for imaging the humerus during an AP projection?

<p>No grid (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following outcomes is a necessary indication for an AP projection of the humerus?

<p>Humeral fracture (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the appropriate IR size for an AP projection of the humerus in adult patients?

<p>14 x 17 inches (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the position of the greater tubercle during external rotation of the humerus?

<p>Lateral in profile (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How should the hand and arm be positioned for internal rotation of the humerus?

<p>Pronated and perpendicular to the image receptor (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic positioning of the humerus in neutral rotation?

<p>Epicondyles at a 45° angle to the image receptor (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What protective measure should be taken for trauma patients regarding rotational views?

<p>Neutral position to prevent further injury (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which tubercle is seen in profile laterally in the external rotation view?

<p>Greater tubercle (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What describes the position of the greater tubercle in the internal rotation radiograph?

<p>Anterior and medial (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the proper arm position for obtaining an external rotation radiograph of the shoulder?

<p>Hanging down with the elbow extended (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which position is the lesser tubercle seen medial to the greater tubercle?

<p>Internal rotation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is the epicondylar position of the distal humerus described in external rotation?

<p>Parallel to the image receptor (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What validates the necessity of understanding proximal humerus rotation?

<p>Determining proper arm rotational positions (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Scapula Borders

The three edges of the scapula: vertebral, superior, and lateral (axillary).

Scapula Angles

The three corners of the scapula: superior, inferior, and lateral.

Glenoid Cavity

A fossa on the lateral angle of the scapula that holds the humerus head.

Spine of Scapula

A prominent ridge on the posterior scapula, separating fossae.

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Infraspinous Fossa

The area below the scapular spine.

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Supraspinous Fossa

The area above the scapular spine.

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Acromion

Distal extension of the scapular spine.

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Coracoid Process

Projection from the lateral angle, anterior.

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AP Scapula Projection

A radiographic view of the scapula taken with the arm abducted to prevent overlapping.

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What is the purpose of the AP Scapula Projection?

To identify and visualize the anatomical structures of the scapula, such as the acromion, neck, and glenoid cavity.

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Lateral Projection

A radiographic view of the scapula taken in a PA oblique position, where the arm is positioned to separate the scapula from the rib cage.

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What structures form the 'Y' in the Lateral Scapula Projection?

The coracoid process, the body, and the acromion of the scapula form the three legs of the 'Y' shape.

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Inferosuperior Axial Projection

A radiographic view that focuses on the head and neck of the humerus, as well as its relationship with the glenoid cavity of the scapula.

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What can be challenging about the Inferosuperior Axial Projection?

The relationships and structures can be difficult to discern due to the angle of the projection.

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Spine of the Scapula

A prominent ridge on the posterior surface of the scapula, dividing the supraspinous and infraspinous fossae.

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Proximal Humerus Rotation

Positioning techniques for taking X-rays of the shoulder joint to visualize different aspects of the humerus head.

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External Rotation

An X-ray view of the shoulder where the arm is rotated outward so the epicondyles are parallel to the image receptor.

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Internal Rotation

An X-ray view of the shoulder where the arm is rotated inward so the epicondyles are perpendicular to the image receptor.

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Neutral Rotation

An X-ray view of the shoulder where the arm is in a mid-position between external and internal rotation, with the epicondyles at a 45° angle.

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Greater Tubercle

A bony prominence on the lateral aspect of the humerus head, most prominent in external rotation.

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Lesser Tubercle

A bony prominence on the anterior aspect of the humerus head, most prominent in internal rotation.

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Epicondyles

Bony prominences on the distal humerus, used to determine the rotational position of the arm in X-ray views.

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Intercondylar Line

An imaginary line connecting the epicondyles of the distal humerus, used to align the arm in radiographic views.

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How can you tell if the arm is externally rotated in an X-ray?

The greater tubercle is located laterally in profile and the lesser tubercle is anteriorly and medial to the greater tubercle.

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How are the epicondyles positioned in internal rotation?

They are perpendicular to the image receptor, indicating a lateral position of the humerus.

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Humerus AP Projection

An X-ray technique used to image the humerus, specifically for detecting fractures or other bone pathologies.

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Clinical Indications

The reasons for performing an AP projection of the humerus.

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Fracture of the Humerus

A break in the humerus bone, a common reason for an AP projection.

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Dislocation of the Humerus

When the humerus joint comes out of place, requiring AP projection.

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Osteoporosis

A condition making the bones weak and prone to fractures, a common reason for humerus AP projection.

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Minimum SID (Source-Image Distance)

The shortest distance between the X-ray source and the image receptor, essential for proper exposure and image quality.

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IR Size (Image Receptor Size)

The size of the X-ray detector used to capture the image, must be large enough for the entire humerus.

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Shoulder Girdle Joints

The three joints connecting the scapula and clavicle to the sternum: sternoclavicular, acromioclavicular, and glenohumeral (shoulder).

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Synovial Joints

Joints with a fibrous capsule filled with synovial fluid which lubricates movement.

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Diarthrodial Joints

Freely movable joints, allowing for a wide range of motion.

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Glenohumeral Joint

The ball-and-socket joint between the humerus and scapula, offering great mobility but limited stability.

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Sternoclavicular Joint

The gliding joint between the sternum and clavicle, allowing limited movement in various directions.

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Acromioclavicular Joint

The gliding joint between the acromion and clavicle, primarily allowing for gliding and secondary rotational movements.

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Ball-and-Socket Joint

A joint where a rounded head fits into a socket, permitting movement in all planes.

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Gliding Joint

A joint where flat surfaces slide over each other, allowing limited movement.

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Shoulder Dislocation

When the humerus head pops out of the glenoid cavity.

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Shoulder Joint Stability

The ability of the shoulder joint to resist displacement due to ligaments, tendons, and muscles.

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