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Questions and Answers
Which of the following minerals contains scandium?
Which of the following minerals contains scandium?
- Monazite
- Thortveitite (correct)
- Bastnasite
- Lanthinite
What is a primary use of yttrium?
What is a primary use of yttrium?
- Radar applications (correct)
- UV protection in lenses
- Red phosphor in television tubes
- Improving steel workability
Which element is used extensively to improve the strength and workability of steel?
Which element is used extensively to improve the strength and workability of steel?
- Actinium
- Yttrium
- Lanthanum (correct)
- Scandium
Lanthanum oxide ($La_2O_3$) is utilized in optical glass primarily for what purpose?
Lanthanum oxide ($La_2O_3$) is utilized in optical glass primarily for what purpose?
What is the common oxidation state exhibited by scandium group elements?
What is the common oxidation state exhibited by scandium group elements?
Actinium is described as:
Actinium is described as:
What application is scandium primarily known for?
What application is scandium primarily known for?
What is the role of yttrium in the production of television tubes?
What is the role of yttrium in the production of television tubes?
Which property makes lanthanum oxide useful in crafting lenses like Crooke's lenses?
Which property makes lanthanum oxide useful in crafting lenses like Crooke's lenses?
The enhanced strength and workability of steel due to the addition of lanthanum is primarily important for:
The enhanced strength and workability of steel due to the addition of lanthanum is primarily important for:
How does the size of ions change within the Scandium group?
How does the size of ions change within the Scandium group?
What is the primary reason why scandium group elements exist in the +3 oxidation state?
What is the primary reason why scandium group elements exist in the +3 oxidation state?
What characteristic is associated with the spectra of scandium group elements?
What characteristic is associated with the spectra of scandium group elements?
Why is the use of lanthanum to improve steel strength and workability particularly valuable in certain industries?
Why is the use of lanthanum to improve steel strength and workability particularly valuable in certain industries?
Considering the properties of Actinium, what precautions should researchers take when studying it?
Considering the properties of Actinium, what precautions should researchers take when studying it?
How does the use of lanthanum oxide in lenses contribute to eye safety?
How does the use of lanthanum oxide in lenses contribute to eye safety?
Why are +3 ions most required?
Why are +3 ions most required?
What are some of the uses of Yittrium?
What are some of the uses of Yittrium?
What impact does ionization have on the properties of Scandium?
What impact does ionization have on the properties of Scandium?
Which is true about requires of +3 ions?
Which is true about requires of +3 ions?
Flashcards
Where does Scandium occur?
Where does Scandium occur?
Scandium occurs in thortveitite.
Yttrium and Lanthanum
Yttrium and Lanthanum
Occur together as bastnaesite YCO3.
Use of Yttrium
Use of Yttrium
Yttrium is used to make red phosphor for television tubes.
What does Lathanum improve?
What does Lathanum improve?
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Lanthanum oxide ([La2O3]) use
Lanthanum oxide ([La2O3]) use
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Oxidation State of Scandium Group
Oxidation State of Scandium Group
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Study Notes
- Scandium occurs in thortveitite, Sc2(Si2O7).
- Yttrium and lanthanum occur together as bastnaesite YCO3 or monazite MTIIIPO4.
- Actinium is the fourth member of the scandium group and is radioactive and very scarce.
Uses
- Scandium and its compounds have very little use.
- Yttrium is used to make red phosphor for television tubes.
- Some yttrium are used in radar or as gemstones (shining stones).
- Lanthanum is extensively used to improve steel strength and workability.
- Lanthanum oxide (La2O3) is used in optical glass such as Crooke's lenses, which provide protection against UV light.
Physical Properties
- Scandium group elements exist primarily in the +3 oxidation state.
- Most properties require the +3 ions.
- Spectra are like M3+ ions.
- Ions are paramagnetic.
Size
- The ionic radii decreases regularly.
- All are almost ionic.
- Contraction is regular.
- Ionization increases. Yttrium is a better property than Al.
Reactivity
- They are reactants.
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