Infestations
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Questions and Answers

What is the most common symptom of scabies infestation?

  • Joint pain
  • Intense itching at night (correct)
  • Fever
  • Cough

    • How is scabies transmitted?

  • Transmission through contaminated water
  • Transmission through skin-to-skin contact (correct)
  • Transmission through mosquito bites
  • Airborne transmission

    • What is the characteristic feature of burrows in scabies infestation?

  • Linear palpable ridges with a black speck (correct)
  • Solid and smooth texture
  • Raised and itchy bumps
  • Circular shape

    • How does the immune system respond to scabies infestation?

    <p>By attacking the proteins in the mites, eggs, and feces</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common physical examination finding in patients with scabies?

    <p>Multiple excoriation marks due to scratching</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary method used for diagnosing scabies?

    <p>History taking and physical examination</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the classic presentation of scabies in babies and young children?

    <p>Erythematous cutaneous papules and nodules in the axillae and soles of the feet</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are classic burrows rarely seen in infants with scabies?

    <p>Infants with scabies present with multiple papules over the trunk</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does crusted scabies differ from psoriasis and eczema?

    <p>Crusted scabies has very little erythema compared to psoriasis and eczema</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common misdiagnosis for crusted scabies?

    <p>Psoriasis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why do patients with crusted scabies usually not complain of itching?

    <p>Their immune cells are not reacting against the mite proteins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a management strategy for crusted scabies according to the text?

    <p>Topical therapy with detailed instructions on usage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended first-line treatment for head lice according to the text?

    <p>Permethrin 1–5% crème rinse</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are lice commonly transmitted?

    <p>Head-to-head contact</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can aid in detecting the presence of lice close to the scalp?

    <p>Fine-toothed combs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which group is most commonly affected by head lice according to the text?

    <p>Children</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What symptom may indicate the presence of head lice?

    <p>Mild itching</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Under what condition should individuals be treated for head lice according to the text?

    <p>Only when live lice are visible on the scalp</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the correct management for scabies treatment according to the text?

    <p>Applying Permethrin cream 5% overnight, two applications 7 days apart</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why should patients pay particular attention to the web spaces and genital areas during scabies treatment?

    <p>To remove mites, eggs, and feces</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended dose of Ivermectin for scabies treatment according to the text?

    <p>200 μg/kg</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why do patients often conclude that mites are still active after scabies treatment?

    <p>Due to persistent itching</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What could be a consequence of treating scabies repeatedly based on patient's belief of persistent mites?

    <p>Worsening of scabies infestation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which population should Ivermectin be avoided in during scabies treatment?

    <p>Children under 2 years old</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between body lice and pubic lice?

    <p>Body lice live in the host's clothes, while pubic lice prefer sparser hair-bearing sites on the skin.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended management approach for body lice infestations?

    <p>Place clothing in a sealed plastic bag for 2 weeks and treat skin reactions with a topical antibiotic.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which human pathogen is transmitted by body lice?

    <p>Rickettsia Prowazekii</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of taking blood for culture and serology in suspected cases of louse-borne systemic disease?

    <p>To confirm the presence of the louse-borne systemic disease</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are pubic lice typically spread?

    <p>Via close personal contact</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes pubic lice from body lice based on their preferred sites of infestation?

    <p>Pubic lice infest only areas with sparse hair, while body lice live in clothing near the host's skin.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the first-line treatment for head lice according to the text?

    <p>Permethrin 1–5% crème rinse</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should individuals be treated for according to the text if live lice are not visible on the scalp?

    <p>Scabies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic symptom that may be present in individuals with head lice infestation?

    <p>Visible adult lice and nits (white empty egg cases) near the scalp</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which topical agent is recommended for severe pruritus in individuals with lice infestation?

    <p>Crotamiton</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main mode of transmission of head lice according to the text?

    <p>Direct contact with an infected individual</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a distinguishing feature of crusted scabies that can lead to misdiagnosis?

    <p>Fine superficial scaling on the skin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common recommendation for aiding the detection of lice close to the scalp?

    <p>Using fine-toothed combs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is crusted scabies commonly misdiagnosed as dry scaly skin rashes?

    <p>Fine superficial scaling</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic finding in babies and young children infested with scabies?

    <p>Erythematous nodules in the axillae</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes crusted scabies from psoriasis and eczema in terms of clinical presentation?

    <p>Presence of erythema</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why do patients with crusted scabies typically not experience itching sensations?

    <p>Immunosuppression or elderly age</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can lead to misdiagnosis of crusted scabies as dry scaly skin rashes like psoriasis?

    <p>Fine superficial scaling on the skin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main reason patients should be warned about persistent itching after scabies treatment?

    <p>To avoid irritant dermatitis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it important for patients to apply lotion from the neck downwards during scabies treatment?

    <p>To ensure all areas are treated including genital areas</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which treatment option should be avoided in patients less than 15 kg and in pregnancy during scabies treatment?

    <p>Ivermectin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes Malathion lotion 0.5% as a second-line treatment for scabies?

    <p>It is applied differently from Permethrin cream 5%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why should towels, bedding, and underwear be washed during scabies treatment?

    <p>To prevent reinfestation from personal items</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of repeating scabies treatment after 7 days with two applications?

    <p>To prevent resistance to the treatment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mechanism by which the female mite causes intense itching in a scabies infestation?

    <p>By secreting an enzyme that irritates nerve endings</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the minimum duration of close personal contact required for transmission of scabies mites from an infected individual?

    <p>30 minutes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the immune system initially respond to a scabies infestation?

    <p>By attacking proteins in the mites, eggs, and feces in the skin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which physical examination finding can aid in diagnosing scabies in a patient?

    <p>Widespread papular rash with excoriation marks</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are burrows clinically significant in a scabies infestation diagnosis?

    <p>They visually indicate the mites' position in the skin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes Hollis Scabies from Parsitic Scabies based on their affected areas?

    <p>Hollis Scabies spares the face in adults while Parsitic Scabies affects all age groups</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic skin manifestation seen in individuals infested with body lice?

    <p>Multiple linear excoriations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which human pathogen transmitted by body lice is responsible for trench fever and endocarditis?

    <p>Bartonella Quintana</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the preferred site of infestation for pubic lice?

    <p>Pubic, axillary, and eyelash area</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended approach for killing adult body lice and their eggs on clothing?

    <p>Sealing in a plastic bag for 2 weeks</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which symptom may indicate a possible systemic louse-borne disease in an infested individual?

    <p>Fever or constitutional symptoms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the suggested treatment for skin reactions in body lice-infested individuals?

    <p>Moderately potent topical steroid plus topical antibiotic</p> Signup and view all the answers

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