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Questions and Answers
What is the incubation period of scabies?
What is the incubation period of scabies?
What is the primary mode of infection for scabies?
What is the primary mode of infection for scabies?
What is the characteristic skin lesion of scabies?
What is the characteristic skin lesion of scabies?
What is the complication of scabies that results from secondary bacterial infection?
What is the complication of scabies that results from secondary bacterial infection?
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What is the diagnostic feature of scabies that is most specific?
What is the diagnostic feature of scabies that is most specific?
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What is the topical treatment for scabies that is most commonly used?
What is the topical treatment for scabies that is most commonly used?
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What is the systemic treatment for scabies that is used to treat 2ry bacterial infection?
What is the systemic treatment for scabies that is used to treat 2ry bacterial infection?
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What is the species of lice that infects humans?
What is the species of lice that infects humans?
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What is the main symptom of Pediculosis capitis?
What is the main symptom of Pediculosis capitis?
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Which of the following is NOT a treatment for Pediculosis capitis?
Which of the following is NOT a treatment for Pediculosis capitis?
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Where do the lice causing Pediculosis corporis live?
Where do the lice causing Pediculosis corporis live?
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What is the most common way of contracting Pediculosis pubis?
What is the most common way of contracting Pediculosis pubis?
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What is the treatment for Pediculosis corporis involving clothing and bedding?
What is the treatment for Pediculosis corporis involving clothing and bedding?
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What is the common complication of Pediculosis capitis?
What is the common complication of Pediculosis capitis?
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Study Notes
Scabies
- Infectious disease caused by Sarcoptes scabiei mites, associated with severe itching
- Incubation period: 2-3 weeks
- Mode of infection: close contact with patients, indirect contact through clothes or bedding, contact with infected animals
- Clinical features:
- Severe itching, especially at night
- Skin-colored or grey curved ridges (burrows) on the skin
- Papules, vesicles, pustules, and scratch marks
- Sites affected: various parts of the body, including infants and animals
- Clinical varieties: scabies in infants, scabies in the clean, scabies incognito, nodular scabies, animal scabies, Norwegian scabies
Complications of Scabies
- Secondary bacterial infection
- Eczematous changes
- Acarophobia
Diagnosis
- Itching mainly at night
- Presence of burrows
- Distribution of lesions
- Contact cases within the family
- Demonstration of parasite under microscope
Differential Diagnosis
- Papular urticaria
- Prurigo
- Eczema
Treatment
- Prophylactic measures: early diagnosis, treatment, disinfection, and treatment of family members and infected animals
- Topical treatment:
- Benzyl Benzoate 25%
- Gamma benzene hexachloride 1%
- Crotamiton 10%
- Permethrin 2.5-5%
- Systemic treatment:
- Ivermectin
- Antihistamines for itching
- Antibiotics for secondary bacterial infection
- Intralesional steroid injection for post-scabetic nodules
Pediculosis
- Humans are parasitized by two species of lice: Pediculus humanus and Pthirus pubis
Pediculosis Capitis
- Common infestation transmitted by sharing head-covers, combs, or brushes
- Common among school children, especially girls
- Main symptom: pruritus
- Secondary bacterial infection is common due to scratching
- Diagnosis: by finding parasites or their eggs (nits)
- Treatment:
- Permethrin 1%
- Malation 0.5%
- Gamma benzene hexachloride 1%
- Crotamiton 10%
- Removal of nits
- Antibiotics for secondary infection
Pediculosis Corporis
- Lice live in seams of clothing or bedding
- Generalized itching, erythematous macules, or urticarial wheals due to punctures
- Secondary infection is common
- Diagnosis: by finding lice or nits in clothes or beddings
- Treatment:
- Destruction of lice by boiling and ironing of clothing and bedding
- Malathion dusting powders for clothing
- Thorough bath with soap and water for the patient
Pediculosis Pubis
- Contracted chiefly by adults through sexual intercourse, and occasionally from bedding
- Affects pubic area, rarely axilla, thigh, abdomen, and eyelashes
- Itching is the main symptom, and secondary infection may be present
- Treatment:
- Permethrin 1% for 10 minutes
- Gamma benzene hexachloride 1% for 8 hours
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Description
Scabies is a common infectious disease caused by the Sarcoptes scabiei mite, characterized by severe itching and skin-colored curved ridges. It can be transmitted through close contact, indirect contact, or infected animals.
