Saturated Carbon Compounds Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is the electron dot structure of ethene?

The electron dot structure of ethene shows a double bond between the two carbon atoms and single bonds between each carbon atom and two hydrogen atoms.

What is the chemical formula for ethyne?

The chemical formula for ethyne is C2H2.

How many bonds are necessary between the two carbon atoms in ethyne to satisfy their valencies?

A triple bond is necessary between the two carbon atoms in ethyne to satisfy their valencies.

What are unsaturated carbon compounds?

<p>Unsaturated carbon compounds are compounds containing double or triple bonds between carbon atoms.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do unsaturated carbon compounds differ in reactivity compared to saturated carbon compounds?

<p>Unsaturated carbon compounds are generally more reactive than saturated carbon compounds.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the general trend in the number of carbon atoms in the compounds listed in Table 4.2?

<p>The number of carbon atoms increases from methane to hexane, forming a chain.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the formula of the hydrocarbon with 3 carbon atoms?

<p>The formula for the hydrocarbon with 3 carbon atoms is C3H8, and it's called propane.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the hydrocarbon with 5 carbon atoms?

<p>The hydrocarbon with 5 carbon atoms is called pentane.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the general formula for the saturated hydrocarbons listed in Table 4.2?

<p>The general formula is CnH2n+2.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many hydrogen atoms are present in the molecule of butane?

<p>Butane has 10 hydrogen atoms (C4H10).</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes ethyne from ethene in terms of bonding?

<p>Ethyne has a triple bond between the two carbon atoms, while ethene has a double bond.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do the formulas of ethane and ethyne differ?

<p>Ethane has the formula C2H6, while ethyne has the formula C2H2.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the impact of unsaturation on the chemical reactivity of compounds?

<p>Unsaturated compounds, like ethyne and ethene, are generally more reactive than saturated compounds.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Can you describe the general trend in the saturation of carbon-containing compounds?

<p>As the number of carbon atoms increases, the compounds may vary in saturation, with some being saturated (single bonds) and others unsaturated (double/triple bonds).</p> Signup and view all the answers

In terms of structure, how does the molecule of butane differ from that of propane?

<p>Butane has four carbon atoms (C4H10), whereas propane has three carbon atoms (C3H8).</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why are hydrocarbons with triple bonds considered unsaturated?

<p>Hydrocarbons with triple bonds are unsaturated because they contain fewer hydrogen atoms than their saturated counterparts.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of compounds are formed when carbon atoms are linked in chains with all single bonds?

<p>These compounds are known as saturated hydrocarbons.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role do hydrogen atoms play in determining the saturation of carbon compounds?

<p>Hydrogen atoms help determine saturation because each carbon atom can form a limited number of bonds; fewer hydrogen indicates unsaturation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many hydrogen atoms are present in a saturated hydrocarbon with four carbon atoms?

<p>A saturated hydrocarbon with four carbon atoms (butane) has 10 hydrogen atoms.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the term 'unsaturated' in organic chemistry?

<p>'Unsaturated' refers to compounds that have double or triple bonds and thus can react to add more atoms or groups.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Electron Dot Structure

A diagram showing valence electrons in a molecule.

Ethyne

A carbon compound with the formula C2H2, also known as acetylene.

Unsaturated Carbon Compounds

Compounds containing double or triple bonds between carbon atoms.

Saturated Carbon Compounds

Compounds with only single bonds between carbon atoms.

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Valency

The combining capacity of an element, usually determined by its electrons.

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Methane

A saturated hydrocarbon with one carbon atom (CH4).

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Ethane

A saturated hydrocarbon with two carbon atoms (C2H6).

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Propane

A saturated hydrocarbon with three carbon atoms (C3H8).

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Butane

A saturated hydrocarbon with four carbon atoms (C4H10).

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Carbon Chains

Linear arrangements of carbon atoms bonded together.

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Ethyne Structure

The electron dot structure for ethyne (C2H2).

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Bonds in Ethyne

Ethyne has a triple bond between its carbon atoms.

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Unsaturated vs Saturated

Unsaturated compounds have double or triple bonds; saturated have only single bonds.

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Butane Structure

A saturated hydrocarbon with four carbon atoms (C4H10).

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Pentane Structure

A saturated hydrocarbon with five carbon atoms (C5H12).

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Hexane Structure

A saturated hydrocarbon with six carbon atoms (C6H14).

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Reactivity of Unsaturated Compounds

Unsaturated carbon compounds are more reactive than saturated ones.

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Carbon Chains Growth

Chains of carbon atoms can infinitely grow with more carbon atoms.

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Valency in Carbon Compounds

Valency determines how many bonds an atom can form.

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Formula of Ethane

C2H6, representing a saturated hydrocarbon with two carbon atoms.

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Study Notes

Saturated Carbon Compounds

  • Electron dot structures for ethene (C₂H₄) and ethyne (C₂H₂) are shown, illustrating different bonding arrangements
  • Ethene has a double bond between carbon atoms
  • Ethyne has a triple bond between carbon atoms
  • Unsaturated compounds, containing double or triple carbon bonds, are more reactive than saturated compounds
  • Saturated compounds have only single bonds between carbon atoms

Carbon Atom Chains

  • Carbon compounds like methane, ethane, propane have chains of carbon atoms with varying numbers of atoms
  • The number of carbon atoms in a molecule affects the molecule's structure and properties
  • Methane has 1 carbon atom, formula CH₄, and structure H-C-H (with hydrogens around the central Carbon)
  • Ethane has 2 carbon atoms, formula C₂H₆, and structure H-C-C-H (with hydrogens around each Carbon)
  • Propane has 3 carbon atoms, formula C₃H₈, and structure H-C-C-C-H (with hydrogens around each Carbon)
  • Butane has 4 carbon atoms, formula C₄H₁₀, and structure showing 4 carbons in a chain with hydrogens
  • Pentane has 5 carbon atoms, formula C₅H₁₂, and structure showing 5 carbons in a chain with hydrogens
  • Hexane has 6 carbon atoms, formula C₆H₁₄, and structure showing 6 carbons in a chain with hydrogens
  • The table lists formulas and structures for these saturated hydrocarbon compounds (single carbon-carbon bonds).

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