Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the name given to Kepler's statement that "the square of the periodic time of orbit is proportional to the cube of the mean distance between the primary and the satellite"?
What is the name given to Kepler's statement that "the square of the periodic time of orbit is proportional to the cube of the mean distance between the primary and the satellite"?
"Apogee" refers to the farthest point in an orbit from the Earth.
"Apogee" refers to the farthest point in an orbit from the Earth.
True
What do you call the point in a satellite orbit that is closest to the Earth's surface?
What do you call the point in a satellite orbit that is closest to the Earth's surface?
Perigee
The center of mass of a two-body system around which they both orbit is called the __________.
The center of mass of a two-body system around which they both orbit is called the __________.
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Match the following satellites with their significance:
Match the following satellites with their significance:
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What technique is used to increase satellite channel capacity by controlling the antenna to prevent interference?
What technique is used to increase satellite channel capacity by controlling the antenna to prevent interference?
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A satellite that operates in a geosynchronous orbit maintains a fixed position relative to the Earth's surface.
A satellite that operates in a geosynchronous orbit maintains a fixed position relative to the Earth's surface.
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What is the significance of the term 'ascending node' in satellite orbits?
What is the significance of the term 'ascending node' in satellite orbits?
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The first active satellite to simultaneously receive and transmit signals was __________.
The first active satellite to simultaneously receive and transmit signals was __________.
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Which satellite was launched by NASA in 1958 as the first artificial satellite?
Which satellite was launched by NASA in 1958 as the first artificial satellite?
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Geosynchronous satellites can provide reliable communications to approximately 100% of the Earth's surface.
Geosynchronous satellites can provide reliable communications to approximately 100% of the Earth's surface.
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What is the relationship between the speed of a planet and its distance from the Sun according to Kepler's Law of Harmonics?
What is the relationship between the speed of a planet and its distance from the Sun according to Kepler's Law of Harmonics?
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The high and low points of a satellite's orbit are called the ______ and ______, respectively.
The high and low points of a satellite's orbit are called the ______ and ______, respectively.
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What is the term used to describe the geographical representation of a satellite antenna's radiation pattern?
What is the term used to describe the geographical representation of a satellite antenna's radiation pattern?
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What is referred to as 'station-keeping' in satellite operations?
What is referred to as 'station-keeping' in satellite operations?
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The footprint of a satellite is the area on the ground that is covered by its signal.
The footprint of a satellite is the area on the ground that is covered by its signal.
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The height of geosynchronous orbit above the equator is approximately:
The height of geosynchronous orbit above the equator is approximately:
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Match the following satellite terms with their definitions:
Match the following satellite terms with their definitions:
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LEO stands for:
LEO stands for:
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What are the two look angles used to aim a satellite antenna called?
What are the two look angles used to aim a satellite antenna called?
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Who discovered the laws that govern satellite motion?
Who discovered the laws that govern satellite motion?
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Geostationary satellites orbit the Earth in a circular pattern with an angular velocity greater than that of Earth's rotation.
Geostationary satellites orbit the Earth in a circular pattern with an angular velocity greater than that of Earth's rotation.
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What is the measure of the deviation of the path of an orbiting body from a true circle called?
What is the measure of the deviation of the path of an orbiting body from a true circle called?
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A satellite that repeats signals for communication is known as a __________.
A satellite that repeats signals for communication is known as a __________.
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Match the types of satellite orbits with their descriptions:
Match the types of satellite orbits with their descriptions:
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Which satellite was the first to successfully transmit a message in 1951?
Which satellite was the first to successfully transmit a message in 1951?
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Station-keeping refers to ground controllers adjusting satellite positions to maintain orbit.
Station-keeping refers to ground controllers adjusting satellite positions to maintain orbit.
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What did Arthur C. Clarke propose in 1945?
What did Arthur C. Clarke propose in 1945?
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The line joining the ascending and descending nodes through the center of the Earth is known as the __________.
The line joining the ascending and descending nodes through the center of the Earth is known as the __________.
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Which of the following best defines a geostationary satellite?
Which of the following best defines a geostationary satellite?
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Study Notes
I. IDENTIFICATION
- A satellite is a celestial body orbiting a planet, like the moon orbiting Earth.
- A transponder is a satellite radio repeater.
- A satellite bus includes control mechanisms for payload operation.
- The moon was the first passive satellite, used by the US Navy to transmit a message in 1951.
- Explorer 1 was an active satellite launched by Americans, transmitting data for 5 months in 1957.
- Johannes Kepler described laws governing satellite motion, including orbital shape, velocity, and distance from the sun.
- Eccentricity measures how much an orbit deviates from a perfect circle.
- A prograde satellite orbit moves in the same direction as Earth's rotation.
- Geostationary satellites orbit in a circle, matching Earth's rotation and orbital time (24 hours).
- Inclined orbits are Earth orbits that aren't directly over the equator or poles.
- Lines of nodes connect the ascending and descending points of a satellite's orbit.
- Equatorial orbits are directly above the equator.
- Mount Chimborazo is Earth's farthest point from its center due to the equatorial bulge.
- Station-keeping is adjusting satellite positions to counteract orbital forces.
- Arthur C. Clarke proposed the concept of geosynchronous orbit for communication satellites.
II. TRUE OR FALSE
- A satellite is a space vehicle launched by humans, orbiting Earth or another celestial body (False).
- Planets move faster near the sun in Kepler's laws, sweeping out equal areas in equal times (False).
- One satellite can cover 100% of Earth's surface in an inclined orbit (False).
- Elliptical orbit speed depends on height, faster closer to Earth (True).
- Satellites orbiting Earth in the same direction as Earth's rotation, but with a slower angular velocity, have a retrograde orbit (False).
- One satellite in inclined orbit can cover 100% of Earth's surface (False).
- Separated by 120° in longitude, two satellites in a Clarke orbit can cover global communication (except poles) (False).
- Satellites are identified by the point on Earth directly below them, falling on the equator (True).
- Geosynchronous satellites maintain a balance between centrifugal and gravitational forces (True).
- A footprint maps a satellite antenna's radiation pattern (True).
III. MULTIPLE CHOICE
- Satellite subsystems, except for: Transponder, Space vehicle, Ground control, Earth stations (Ground-based control station).
- Actual user information relayed by satellite systems: Modulating signal.
- Satellite subsystems, except for: Transponder, Space vehicle, Ground control station, Earth stations (Space vehicles)
IV. COMPUTATIONS
- No calculations are provided in this section.
V. ENUMERATION
- Two advantages of a geosynchronous satellite:
- No expensive tracking equipment required
- Available to all Earth stations continuously
- No transmission breaks
- Doppler shift negligible.
- Three characteristics of a geosynchronous orbit:
- Located directly above the equator.
- Travels in the same direction as Earth's rotation.
- Altitude of 35,768 km above Earth.
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Description
Test your knowledge on the fundamentals of satellites, including types, motion laws, and their operational mechanisms. This quiz covers key concepts surrounding how satellites orbit planets and their functions in communication and data transmission.
