Sarcopenia Assessment Tests

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What is the main characteristic of frailty syndrome?

Decreased vulnerability to dependency and death

Increased strength and endurance

Reduced strength, endurance, and physiologic function (correct)

Enhanced physiologic function

Which assessment tool is used for the quick screening of cognitive dysfunction secondary to dementia or delirium?

PRISMA-7

Clinical Frailty Scale - Rockwood

Clock Drawing Test (correct)

Edmonton Frailty Scale

What is the purpose of the Timed Up and Go Test (TUG Test)?

Assessment of frailty severity

Screening for cognitive dysfunction

Evaluation of gait speed

Assessment of functional mobility (correct)

Which assessment tool is used for the evaluation of frailty severity?

Edmonton Frailty Scale (B) Signup and view all the answers

What does the GST-4 Gait Speed Test assess?

Functional mobility (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which assessment tool is used for the assessment of presence of frailty in 5 minutes?

PRISMA-7 (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the Edmonton Frail Scale used for?

Frailty severity assessment (A) Signup and view all the answers

What does the 'Clinical Frailty Scale - Rockwood' evaluate?

Vulnerability for developing increased dependency (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which theoretical construct of frailty counts the number of impairments and conditions in an individual patient to create a Frailty Index?

Rockwood and Mitnitski's accumulation of deficits model (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which physiological state is characterized by decreased reserve and diminished resistance to stressors according to the text?

Frailty (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which physiological system is NOT mentioned as being involved in the biological underpinnings of frailty?

Renal system (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the possible warning signs of frailty?

Unintentional weight loss (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which epidemiologic research area has NOT led to the identification of a risk factor for frailty?

Genetic factors (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which tool can be used for routine screening and evaluation of frailty?

Rockwood Clinical Frailty Scale (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which characteristic is NOT part of Fried et al.'s phenotypic model of frailty?

Sarcopenia (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is associated with increased likelihood of adverse outcomes including falls, fractures, physical disability, and mortality?

$5$ min.SARC-F Screening test for sarcopenia (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is crucial for the development of interventions against age-related conditions in older persons?

$5$ integration of frailty measures in clinical practice (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which instruments are considered as complementary according to Cesari M, 2014?

Frailty phenotype and Frailty Index (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which group published the 2010 sarcopenia definition?

European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP) (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary parameter of sarcopenia according to the 2018 operational definition by EWGSOP2?

Low muscle strength (C) Signup and view all the answers

How is sarcopenia categorized when it is largely attributable to ageing with no other specific cause evident?

Primary (C) Signup and view all the answers

What differentiates acute sarcopenia from chronic sarcopenia?

Duration of the condition (D) Signup and view all the answers

What condition is characterized by reduced lean body mass in the context of excess adiposity?

Sarcopenic obesity (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the Timed Up and Go Test used to assess in older adults?

Mobility, balance, walking ability, and fall risk (B) Signup and view all the answers

According to EWGSOP2, what confirms the diagnosis of sarcopenia?

Low muscle quantity or quality (C) Signup and view all the answers

What does EWGSOP2 emphasize practitioners have ever-increasing possibilities for in relation to sarcopenia?

Preventing, delaying, treating, and sometimes even reversing sarcopenia by way of early and effective interventions (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the ICD-10-MC Diagnosis Code used for in relation to sarcopenia?

'Billing for care in some countries' (B) Signup and view all the answers

What are the Chair Stand Test and 4 Stage Balance Test primarily used for in the assessment of sarcopenia?

'Strength and endurance test' and 'Assessment of static balance' (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the association between obesity and sarcopenia?

Obesity exacerbates sarcopenia and increases the infiltration of fat into muscle (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which condition is associated with the sarcopenia phenotype regardless of the cause of malnutrition?

All of the above (D) Signup and view all the answers

What has recently been proposed as part of the definition of malnutrition?

Low muscle mass (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which quick screening tests are used for sarcopenia diagnosis?

SARC-F and MRSA (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which tools may be used to test muscle strength, quality, and performance?

TUG Test and grip strength (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between low fat mass and sarcopenia?

Low fat mass is usually present in malnutrition, not necessarily in sarcopenia (A) Signup and view all the answers

How does malnutrition affect sarcopenia?

Malnutrition exacerbates sarcopenia, regardless of its cause (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which factor is NOT associated with the severity of sarcopenia?

Inflammation (C) Signup and view all the answers

What enhances the accuracy in diagnosing sarcopenia?

Combined use of SARC-F and MSRA (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the impact of obesity on muscle function?

Obesity lowers physical function and increases risk of mortality (C) Signup and view all the answers