Sarcoidosis Pathogenesis Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary diagnostic criterion for farmer's lung?

  • Pulmonary function tests
  • Imaging studies
  • Symptomatology
  • History of exposure to an offending substance (correct)

What is the characteristic pathologic feature of sarcoidosis?

  • Infectious granulomas
  • Fibrotic scarring
  • Noncaseating epithelioid cell granulomas (correct)
  • Caseating granulomas

What is the most common demographic affected by sarcoidosis?

  • Men of African descent
  • Older adults
  • Women of Asian descent
  • Young adults under 40 years old (correct)

What is the primary goal of treatment for farmer's lung?

<p>Avoidance of exposure to the offending substance (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common pulmonary manifestation of sarcoidosis?

<p>Pulmonary fibrosis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of increased alveolar capillary permeability in Acute Lung Injury?

<p>Protein and fluid leak into alveoli (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the outcome of damage to type II pneumocytes in Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome?

<p>Surfactant deficiency (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the initiating factor in ARDS pathogenesis?

<p>Injury to pneumocytes and pulmonary endothelium (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the long-term complication of Sarcoidosis?

<p>Both A and C (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic granuloma type seen in Sarcoidosis?

<p>Non-caseating granuloma (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main characteristic of Group 1: Pulmonary Artery Hypertension?

<p>Progressive with eventual irreversible changes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a cause of Pulmonary Hypertension due to lung diseases and/or hypoxia?

<p>Mitral Valve Disease (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the histological definition of Pulmonary Artery Hypertension?

<p>Fibrosis of intimal tissue (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe the histological appearance of severe Pulmonary Hypertension?

<p>Onion skinning (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a cause of Pulmonary Hypertension due to left heart failure?

<p>Mitral Valve Disease (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism by which high tidal volumes exacerbate lung injury in Ventilator-Induced Lung Injury (VILI)?

<p>Release of proteases and immune cell cytokine release (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a characteristic of non-cardiogenic pulmonary edema?

<p>Increased capillary permeability due to microvascular injury (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary pathophysiologic mechanism underlying Pulmonary Hypertension?

<p>Imbalance between vasodilation and vasoconstriction (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a clinical feature of Pulmonary Edema?

<p>Fever (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the diagnostic criterion for Pulmonary Hypertension?

<p>Mean pulmonary artery pressure greater than or equal to 25 mm Hg (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason for increased pulmonary vascular resistance in Group 2: Left Heart Dysfunction?

<p>Reactive variant in chronic left heart disease (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a characteristic of Group 3: Lung Disease?

<p>Decreases endothelial nitric oxide synthase, NO is a vasodilator (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the likely outcome of chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension?

<p>High pressure in remaining vasculature results in Pulmonary Hypertension (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary treatment for Pulmonary Hypertension in patients with COPD?

<p>Long-term oxygen therapy (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for right ventricular dysfunction caused by Pulmonary Hypertension resulting from lung disease?

<p>Cor pulmonale (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of chronic lung inflammation in restrictive disease?

<p>Exposure to toxic irritants (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic radiological finding in Pulmonary Fibrosis?

<p>Interstitial markings and honeycombing (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main goal of treatment in Pulmonary Fibrosis?

<p>To slow down the progression of the disease (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the type of reaction that occurs in Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis?

<p>Allergic inflammatory hypersensitivity response (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the occupation most commonly associated with Silicosis?

<p>Ore processor (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the estimated percentage of patients who develop fibrosis in Coal miner's pneumoconiosis?

<p>10% (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the type of lung reaction that occurs in response to inhalation of various caustic materials?

<p>Pneumoconiosis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the type of lung disease that is linked to lung cancer?

<p>Asbestosis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the scarring of the lungs that leads to chronic lung inflammation?

<p>Pulmonary Fibrosis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the type of supportive care that may be given to patients with Pulmonary Fibrosis?

<p>Vaccination and oxygen therapy (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the progressive and irreversible decline in lung function associated with the development of stiff non-compliant lung tissue?

<p>Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of the destruction of alveolar architecture in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis?

<p>Overproduction and deposition of collagen (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a risk factor for the development of Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis?

<p>Smoking (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic finding in pulmonary function tests of patients with Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis?

<p>Normal FEV1/FVC, reduced TLC (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the fibrosis surrounding open cystic spaces in the lungs?

<p>Honeycomb fibrosis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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