Sápmi Reindeer Herding Traditions

Reindeer Herding in Sápmi

Traditional Livelihood

• Reindeer herding is an essential part of the traditional Sami culture and economy.
• It has been practiced for centuries, with Sami people relying on reindeer for food, clothing, and transportation.

Importance of Reindeer

• Reindeer provide:
  • Food (meat, milk, and organs)
  • Clothing (hides, fur, and sinew)
  • Transportation (riding and packing)
  • Tools and materials (antlers, bones, and sinew)

Herding Practices

• Sami herders use traditional knowledge and skills to manage reindeer migrations, breeding, and grazing.
• Herding is often done in cooperation with other Sami families, with shared responsibilities and decision-making.
• Reindeer are moved seasonally between summer and winter grazing areas, often covering long distances.

Challenges and Threats

• Climate change affects reindeer grazing and migration patterns, making it harder to maintain traditional herding practices.
• Land use conflicts with mining, forestry, and tourism industries threaten Sami reindeer herding areas and rights.
• Modernization and urbanization have led to a decline in the number of young Sami people interested in continuing traditional herding practices.

Cultural Significance

• Reindeer herding is closely tied to Sami identity, culture, and spirituality.
• It is an important part of Sami storytelling, music, and art.
• Herding practices and traditions are passed down through generations, preserving Sami cultural heritage.