Sampling Techniques Quiz

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Questions and Answers

In systematic sampling, how are individuals chosen?

Based on their characteristics

Randomly generating numbers

By using random number generators

At regular intervals (correct)

How does stratified sampling differ from simple random sampling?

Simple random sampling uses random number generators

Stratified sampling divides the population into subgroups (correct)

Stratified sampling uses random number generators

Simple random sampling divides the population into subgroups

What is the purpose of cluster sampling?

To ensure every subgroup is properly represented (correct)

To select individuals at regular intervals

To choose individuals randomly from the whole population

To divide the population into subgroups

How does simple random sampling differ from cluster sampling?

Cluster sampling selects individuals from subgroups with similar characteristics Signup and view all the answers

What makes systematic sampling slightly easier to conduct than simple random sampling?

It selects individuals at regular intervals Signup and view all the answers

What is the main disadvantage of using convenience sampling?

It can lead to both sampling bias and selection bias Signup and view all the answers

When is purposive sampling often used?

When the researcher wants to gain detailed knowledge about a specific phenomenon Signup and view all the answers

What is the downside of using snowball sampling?

It has no way of knowing how representative the sample is Signup and view all the answers

What is the aim of quota sampling?

To control what or who makes up the sample Signup and view all the answers

How does purposive sampling differ from convenience sampling?

Purposive sampling involves the researcher using their expertise to select a useful sample, whereas convenience sampling simply includes individuals who are most accessible Signup and view all the answers

What are the risks associated with convenience sampling?

Sampling bias and selection bias Signup and view all the answers

What is another term for purposive sampling?

Judgement sampling Signup and view all the answers

When is purposive sampling often used?

In qualitative research, small and specific populations Signup and view all the answers

What must an effective purposive sample have?

Clear criteria and rationale for inclusion Signup and view all the answers

What is the main downside of using snowball sampling?

Observer bias Signup and view all the answers

What does snowball sampling involve in terms of participant recruitment?

Recruiting participants via other participants Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary limitation of convenience sampling?

Inability to produce generalizable results Signup and view all the answers

What is the aim of purposive sampling?

To gain detailed knowledge about a specific phenomenon Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to describe inclusion and exclusion criteria in purposive sampling?

To avoid observer bias affecting arguments Signup and view all the answers

What does convenience sampling involve?

Including the most accessible individuals to the researcher Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Sampling Methods

Systematic Sampling

Individuals are chosen at regular intervals from a list or population.

Stratified Sampling

Differs from simple random sampling in that it divides the population into subgroups or strata, and then draws a random sample from each stratum.

Cluster Sampling

Involves dividing the population into clusters or groups, and then randomly selecting a subset of clusters; purpose is to reduce cost and increase efficiency.

Simple Random Sampling vs. Cluster Sampling

Simple random sampling involves random selection of individuals from the entire population, whereas cluster sampling involves random selection of groups or clusters.

Systematic Sampling vs. Simple Random Sampling

Systematic sampling is slightly easier to conduct than simple random sampling because it involves selecting every nth individual from a list, making it more efficient.

Convenience Sampling

Main disadvantage: samples may not be representative of the population, and results may not be generalizable.
Involves selecting participants based on their availability or convenience.

Purposive Sampling

Often used when the researcher wants to select participants who possess certain characteristics or attributes.
Aim is to select participants who are information-rich or have expertise in a particular area.
Also known as judgment sampling or selective sampling.
Must have an effective sample that is relevant to the research question or objectives.
Important to describe inclusion and exclusion criteria to ensure transparency and credibility.

Snowball Sampling

Involves recruiting participants through existing participants, often used when the population is difficult to access.
Downside: samples may be biased, and participants may not be representative of the population.

Quota Sampling

Aim is to select a sample that reflects the characteristics of the population, with a predetermined number of participants in each subgroup or quota.

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Description

Test your knowledge of different sampling techniques such as simple random sampling and systematic sampling. Learn how these methods are used to select samples from populations and their advantages and disadvantages.