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What is the purpose of sampling in research projects?

To make choices when designing research projects

To compute the standard error of the statistic

To obtain maximum information about the population without examining each and every unit (correct)

To gather data from all sources at all times

What is the difference between a sample population and a study population?

Sample population is a subset of the source population, while study population is a subset of the target population

Sample population is the broad population, while study population is a well-defined subset of individuals

Sample population is the individuals invited to participate, while study population is the eligible members who consent to participate (correct)

Sample population is the eligible members who consent to participate, while study population is the individuals invited to participate

What does a sampling frame consist of?

A list containing all sampling units (correct)

A list containing only a part of the sampling units

A list containing the standard error of the statistic

A list containing only the sample population

When does sampling bias occur?

When individuals sampled for a study are not representative of the source population as a whole Signup and view all the answers

What are the main features of a representative sample?

Precision and accuracy Signup and view all the answers

What is the main objective of sampling?

To estimate population parameters from sample statistics Signup and view all the answers

Which type of sampling method is applicable when the population is small and the accuracy of results depends on the investigator's knowledge?

Judgment sampling Signup and view all the answers

What is the advantage of quota sampling?

Each investigator is allotted a quota of persons to be interviewed Signup and view all the answers

When is snowball sampling useful?

When a participant is asked to pass information to others who might be interested Signup and view all the answers

What does systematic random sampling aim to achieve?

To ensure that every item in a population has an equal chance of being included in the sample Signup and view all the answers

What does a narrow confidence interval indicate?

More certainty about the value of the statistic Signup and view all the answers

What is the best way to minimize the likelihood of type 2 errors?

Increasing the study population size Signup and view all the answers

What is power in the context of statistical tests?

The ability of a test to detect significant differences in a population when differences really do exist Signup and view all the answers

What does a type 1 error (α) indicate?

A statistically significant test result even though a significant difference does not actually exist Signup and view all the answers

What does a sample size calculator help identify?

The range of suggested sample sizes based on guesses about the expected characteristics Signup and view all the answers

Which type of bias can occur when cases and controls for a study are recruited from hospitals and are more likely than the general population to have comorbid conditions?

Berkson's bias Signup and view all the answers

Which type of bias may result if the members of a sample population who agree to participate in a study are systematically different from nonparticipants?

Nonresponse bias Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of sampling methods for experimental studies?

Reducing the risk of harm and defining strict inclusion and exclusion criteria Signup and view all the answers

What is the goal when determining sample size for a quantitative or qualitative study?

Recruit just the right number of participants, not too many and not too few Signup and view all the answers

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