Sampling Methods Quiz

A sampling method where a sample of areas is first chosen, and then a random sample of respondents within those areas is selected.

Probability sampling where every sample of a given size has an equal chance of being chosen, and selections are independent.

Describing and summarizing characteristics of a data set.

The most frequent value in a data set.

A method of collecting data by selecting a subset of a population to learn about the whole population.

Arranging experimental units into groups that are similar to one another.

Used when all measurements have variations, and there's no completely deterministic process.

A test used when an experimental frequency distribution matches a theoretical or known probability distribution.

Non-probability sampling where subjects are selected based on specified proportions.

Used to determine if there's a significant difference between expected and observed frequencies in categories.

Raw information or facts organized meaningfully.

A sampling method that pairs members of two samples.

A collection of completely randomized experiments within blocks of a total experiment.

Probability sampling that divides the population into strata and randomly selects one element from the first stratum and corresponding elements from other strata.

A data collection method where a researcher asks all students in a campus about their average travel time to school.

In a test of independence with 3 outcomes for variable 1 and 4 outcomes for variable 2, the degrees of freedom are 6.

A probability sampling method where a researcher chooses a starting point and then selects other schools within a city to survey.

If a researcher mostly chooses teenagers to study weight gain and activity, the results might overestimate or underestimate the relationship between the two.

A probability sampling method where the researcher selects specific groups (strata) and then samples from these, like selecting 5 classes of 50 students each from a 50,000 student population.

A research method where no controlled variables or replication is possible.

A simulated effect where medical interventions have no direct health impact.

A technique used to make subjects unaware of which treatment they are receiving.

An extraneous variable that's related to both the independent and dependent variables in a study.

A statistical test used to determine if there's a significant difference between observed and expected frequencies in categories.

A sampling method where not all members of a population have an equal chance of being selected.

A method of data collection where controlled variables are studied to determine their effect on other variables.

A study design focusing on one main factor, ignoring other variables.

(Rows - 1) * (Columns -1) determines the number of independent values that can vary in a calculation.

The predicted frequency of an outcome in a category.

A survey with unbiased question wording.

The assumption that the data aligns with a specified distribution.

A value calculated to determine if significant differences exist.

Sampling where respondents are selected from specific areas.

Selecting participants at fixed intervals from a list.

Dividing a sample based on characteristics like gender, age.

One less than the number of categories in a study.

(Rows-1) x (Columns-1)