Salts and Their Uses
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Questions and Answers

What is produced when hydrochloric acid reacts with sodium hydroxide?

  • Calcium carbonate
  • Sodium chloride and water (correct)
  • Sodium bicarbonate
  • Sodium sulphate

Common salt is chemically known as magnesium sulphate.

False (B)

Which of the following is a strong acid?

  • Baking soda
  • Lemon juice
  • Vinegar
  • Sulfuric acid (correct)

Oven cleaner contains a weak base called sodium hydroxide.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the chemical name for alum?

<p>Aluminium sulphate</p> Signup and view all the answers

_____ is used for bath salts and as a laxative.

<p>Epsom salts</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the pH range of acids?

<p>Below 7</p> Signup and view all the answers

___ reacts with acids to produce carbon dioxide gas.

<p>Baking soda</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the common salts with their uses:

<p>Borax = Cleans and disinfects small cuts Chalk = Used as blackboard chalk and building material Washing soda = Softens water for washing clothes Plaster of Paris = Used for coating walls and ceilings</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following substances with their type:

<p>Vinegar = Weak acid Sodium hydroxide = Strong base Lemon juice = Weak acid Sulfuric acid = Strong acid</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which property describes metals being able to be drawn into wires?

<p>Ductile (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Mercury is a solid metal at normal temperatures.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the chemical symbol for gold?

<p>Au</p> Signup and view all the answers

________ is a reddish metal known for its excellent conductivity.

<p>Copper</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following metals with their primary use:

<p>Iron = Making steel for tools and buildings Copper = Electric wires Aluminium = Aircraft construction Tin = Coating food cans</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of these is NOT a property of metals?

<p>Brittle (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Lead is a light, soft metal used for diving weights.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Name one common alloy that includes iron.

<p>Steel</p> Signup and view all the answers

Most metals are _________, meaning they can be polished to a shine.

<p>lustrous</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the state of most metals at normal temperatures?

<p>Solid (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

What is a salt?

A salt is a compound formed when an acid reacts with a metal or a base.

What is an acid?

A substance that reacts with metals and bases to produce a salt.

What is a common salt?

Sodium chloride, used in cooking to improve food taste.

What is an alkali?

A strong base that dissolves in water.

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What is a base?

A substance that dissolves in water and neutralizes acids.

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Acid

A chemical compound that reacts with metals and bases to form salts. They taste sour.

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Base

A substance that reacts with acids to form salts and water. They taste bitter, and can be caustic.

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pH Scale

A scale that measures the strength of acids and bases. Ranges from 0 to 14.

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Strong Acid

An acid that reacts quickly with metals and other substances; can be harmful.

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Weak Acid/Base

An acid or base that reacts slowly and is not as harmful as strong ones.

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Metal Lustre

Metals have a shiny surface when polished.

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Metal Density

Metals are heavy for their size.

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Metal Heat Conductivity

Metals transfer heat easily.

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Metal Electrical Conductivity

Metals carry electricity well.

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Metal Ductility

Metals can be drawn into wires.

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Metal Malleability

Metals can be hammered into thin sheets.

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Iron (Fe)

A common, strong, and magnetic metal.

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Copper (Cu)

A reddish metal that conducts heat and electricity well.

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Aluminium (Al)

A light, strong, metal resisting corrosion.

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Mercury(Hg)

The only metal that is liquid at room temperature.

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Study Notes

Salts

  • A salt is a compound formed when an acid reacts with a metal or a base
  • Example: reaction between sodium hydroxide and hydrochloric acid produces sodium chloride and water
  • Common salts found in homes:
    • Alum - used to stop bleeding from small cuts
    • Common salt - Used in cooking to enhance food taste
    • Chalk - used as blackboard chalk
    • Plaster of Paris - used for coating walls and ceilings, making models and casts
    • Washing soda - softens water for washing clothes and cleanses and disinfects small cuts
    • Borax - cleanses and disinfects small cuts
    • Epsom salts - used for bath salts and laxatives
    • Saltpeter - used as a garden fertilizer

Acids, bases, and salts - What you have learned

  • An acid is a substance that reacts with metals to produce a salt and a base
  • A base is a substance that dissolves in water
  • Strong acids and alkalis are dangerous - they burn your skin and damage your eyes
  • An indicator changes colour to show if a substance is an acid or a base.

Soap

  • Soap is a salt made by reacting sodium hydroxide with fatty acids from heating fats and oils

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Description

This quiz covers the concept of salts, including their formation from acids and bases, and various common salts found in households. Understand the importance and applications of salts in everyday life, while also reviewing the reactions involved in their creation. Test your knowledge on acids and bases related to salts.

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