Saliva Composition and Secretion
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Questions and Answers

What is the main function of immunoglobulins in saliva?

  • Inhibiting mineralization
  • Functioning as part of a widespread mucosal immune system (correct)
  • Producing amylase
  • Aiding digestion
  • Which of the following is NOT a function of a protein present in saliva?

  • Detecting taste
  • Aiding digestion
  • Regulating body temperature (correct)
  • Inhibiting harmful cysteine-proteinases
  • What is the function of statherin in saliva?

  • Inhibiting harmful cysteine-proteinases
  • Detecting taste
  • Inhibiting mineralization (correct)
  • Aiding digestion
  • What is the structure that empties into an intercalated duct in the salivary gland?

    <p>Acinus (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the striated duct in the salivary gland?

    <p>Affecting the composition of the secretion (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of septa in the salivary gland?

    <p>Carrying blood supply and nerve into the parenchyma (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of acinus is the source of amylase?

    <p>Serous (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of lysozyme in saliva?

    <p>Anti-bacterial agent (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of kallikrein in saliva?

    <p>Aiding digestion (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the stroma in the salivary gland?

    <p>Supporting the glandular secretory tissue (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Salivary Glands

    • There are two main types of salivary glands: mucous and serous.
    • Mucous glands produce a viscous, mucin-rich product.
    • Serous glands produce a watery secretion.

    Saliva Flow Rate

    • Average salivary flow rate is 0.3ml/min.
    • 500-750ml of saliva is secreted each day, with 90% derived from major salivary glands.

    Mechanism of Secretion

    • There are two main regulated pathways: constitutive and main regulated.
    • Constitutive pathway is always active, whereas main regulated pathway requires stimuli.
    • Proteins are stored in granules in the constitutive pathway and vesicles in the main regulated pathway.

    Parotid Gland

    • The largest salivary gland, producing 25% of saliva, mainly serous in adults.
    • In newborns, it produces mixed saliva, predominantly serous.
    • Duct: Stenson's duct.
    • Has a capsule with fat cells and lymph nodes on the surface and within the gland.

    Types of Salivary Glands

    • Compound: has more than one tubule entering the main duct.
    • Tubuloacinar: describes the morphology of the secreting cells.
    • Merocrine: only the secretion of the cell is released.
    • Exocrine: secretes fluid onto a free surface.
    • Major salivary glands: parotid, submandibular, and sublingual.
    • Minor salivary glands: scattered throughout the oral mucosa, including labial, buccal, palatoglossal, palatal, and lingual glands.

    Composition of Saliva

    • Over 99% water.
    • Small amounts of inorganic and organic compounds, including proteins, glycoproteins, and enzymes.

    Functions of Saliva

    • Lubricates during mastication, swallowing, and speech.
    • Protects the mucosa and keeps it moist.
    • Brings substances into solution for tasting.
    • Limits bacterial activity by causing aggregation.
    • Contains minerals and acts as a buffer to maintain dental enamel integrity.
    • Produces peptide growth factors, such as epidermal growth factor and nerve growth factor.
    • Contains immunoglobulins, mainly IgA, for mucosal immunity.
    • Aids digestion with amylase.

    Structure of Salivary Glands

    • Consists of glandular secretory tissue (parenchyma) and supporting connective tissue (stroma).
    • The stroma of the capsule surrounding the gland passes septa that subdivide the gland into major lobes.
    • Lobes are further subdivided into lobules, each containing secretory units with clusters of grape-like structures (acini) around a lumen.
    • Acini produce saliva, which empties into intercalated ducts, then striated ducts, and finally collecting ducts.
    • Striated ducts affect the composition of the secretion passing through them.

    Stroma of Capsules

    • Septa carry blood supply and nerve into the parenchyma.
    • Septa contain fibroblasts, collagen, fat cells, and plasma cells.

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    Description

    Learn about the composition of saliva, including the ratio of protein to carbohydrate, and the rate of saliva secretion throughout the day.

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