Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which of the following percentages best represents the organic/inorganic substance content of saliva?
Which of the following percentages best represents the organic/inorganic substance content of saliva?
- 99%
- 25%
- 5%
- 1% (correct)
Which of the following best describes the expected daily volume of saliva production in a healthy adult?
Which of the following best describes the expected daily volume of saliva production in a healthy adult?
- 0.1 – 0.25 liters
- 1-1.5 liters (correct)
- 2-3 liters
- 5-6 liters
Which major salivary gland contributes the most to total salivary volume?
Which major salivary gland contributes the most to total salivary volume?
- Sublingual gland
- Submandibular gland (correct)
- Minor salivary glands
- Parotid gland
In 'whole' saliva, which of the following components is LEAST likely to be found compared to 'pure' saliva directly from the glands?
In 'whole' saliva, which of the following components is LEAST likely to be found compared to 'pure' saliva directly from the glands?
Individuals with a low salivary pH are typically at higher risk for caries due to what?
Individuals with a low salivary pH are typically at higher risk for caries due to what?
Which of the following proteins found in saliva has antibacterial properties and aids in bacterial disposal?
Which of the following proteins found in saliva has antibacterial properties and aids in bacterial disposal?
Which of the following enzymes found in saliva begins the breakdown of cooked starches?
Which of the following enzymes found in saliva begins the breakdown of cooked starches?
The viscosity of saliva is mainly attributed to which component?
The viscosity of saliva is mainly attributed to which component?
Which waste product found in saliva can neutralize acids, helping to buffer the oral environment?
Which waste product found in saliva can neutralize acids, helping to buffer the oral environment?
Which of the following best describes the primary role of ions, as inorganic components in saliva?
Which of the following best describes the primary role of ions, as inorganic components in saliva?
Which ion, when present in saliva, aids in the remineralization process and makes teeth more resistant to decay?
Which ion, when present in saliva, aids in the remineralization process and makes teeth more resistant to decay?
The levels of which gas component in saliva may be associated with calculus formation?
The levels of which gas component in saliva may be associated with calculus formation?
How do glyco-proteins in saliva mainly contribute to the protection of the oral cavity?
How do glyco-proteins in saliva mainly contribute to the protection of the oral cavity?
In addition to initiating starch digestion, what other role does salivary amylase have in the digestive process?
In addition to initiating starch digestion, what other role does salivary amylase have in the digestive process?
What is the impact of the tooth pellicle derived from saliva, on the caries process?
What is the impact of the tooth pellicle derived from saliva, on the caries process?
The cleansing action of which type of saliva aids in removing food and bacterial debris from the oral cavity?
The cleansing action of which type of saliva aids in removing food and bacterial debris from the oral cavity?
During periods of higher salivary flow, such as while eating, the number of which ions increases to help maintain pH balance?
During periods of higher salivary flow, such as while eating, the number of which ions increases to help maintain pH balance?
In the context of caries formation, what occurs when the pH of plaque fluid falls below 5.5?
In the context of caries formation, what occurs when the pH of plaque fluid falls below 5.5?
What role does sympathetic stimulation play in salivation?
What role does sympathetic stimulation play in salivation?
Which nerve provides parasympathetic innervation to the parotid gland?
Which nerve provides parasympathetic innervation to the parotid gland?
The auriculotemporal nerve, a branch of the mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve, carries what type of innervation to the parotid gland?
The auriculotemporal nerve, a branch of the mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve, carries what type of innervation to the parotid gland?
Taste sensation from the anterior two-thirds of the tongue travels via which nerve pathway before reaching the brain?
Taste sensation from the anterior two-thirds of the tongue travels via which nerve pathway before reaching the brain?
Taste sensation from the posterior third of the tongue travels primarily via which cranial nerve?
Taste sensation from the posterior third of the tongue travels primarily via which cranial nerve?
Xerostomia is described as what?
Xerostomia is described as what?
Which of the following stimulates an increase in saliva flow?
Which of the following stimulates an increase in saliva flow?
Which of the following can decrease saliva flow?
Which of the following can decrease saliva flow?
After the buffering action of ions in saliva is effective and the pH rises in the mouth, what process is the direct result?
After the buffering action of ions in saliva is effective and the pH rises in the mouth, what process is the direct result?
What is the location where post-synaptic fibers run along from the ganglion along with branches of the maxillary division?
What is the location where post-synaptic fibers run along from the ganglion along with branches of the maxillary division?
What is the location of the parotid gland with sympathetic supply of the auriculotemporal nerve?
What is the location of the parotid gland with sympathetic supply of the auriculotemporal nerve?
What nerve carries taste from the anterior 2/3 of the tongue to the submandibular ganglion then travels with the chorda tympani?
What nerve carries taste from the anterior 2/3 of the tongue to the submandibular ganglion then travels with the chorda tympani?
By which route does saliva have the potential to spread COVID-19 and Herpes Simplex?
By which route does saliva have the potential to spread COVID-19 and Herpes Simplex?
In a dental context, during enamel demineralization mineral ions shift from which site to the other?
In a dental context, during enamel demineralization mineral ions shift from which site to the other?
Which of the following best describes the composition of saliva?
Which of the following best describes the composition of saliva?
What condition could be indicated by low resting saliva?
What condition could be indicated by low resting saliva?
Of the following which does not increase saliva production? Mastication, Oral Irritation, Gingivitis or Fear
Of the following which does not increase saliva production? Mastication, Oral Irritation, Gingivitis or Fear
Which of the following best describes saliva’s function when it comes to tasting?
Which of the following best describes saliva’s function when it comes to tasting?
In the processes of calculus formation, which substance plays the role?
In the processes of calculus formation, which substance plays the role?
Saliva plays crucial roles in tooth's immunity and maintenance. Which substance strengthens and repairs enamel?
Saliva plays crucial roles in tooth's immunity and maintenance. Which substance strengthens and repairs enamel?
There’s something known as the ionic buffer system which functions to maintain oral health. How is this achieved?
There’s something known as the ionic buffer system which functions to maintain oral health. How is this achieved?
When saliva is at a higher pH, what oral condition is more likely to occur?
When saliva is at a higher pH, what oral condition is more likely to occur?
Which of the following best describes the function of the salivary pellicle?
Which of the following best describes the function of the salivary pellicle?
How do the rates of saliva production typically change from day to night?
How do the rates of saliva production typically change from day to night?
What is the primary function of bicarbonate ions present in saliva?
What is the primary function of bicarbonate ions present in saliva?
What is the role of the lingual nerve in taste perception?
What is the role of the lingual nerve in taste perception?
The levels of which gas influences calculus formation?
The levels of which gas influences calculus formation?
Ammonia, a waste product found in saliva, is produced from what?
Ammonia, a waste product found in saliva, is produced from what?
Which of the following best describes the impact of sympathetic stimulation on salivation?
Which of the following best describes the impact of sympathetic stimulation on salivation?
Which nerve carries parasympathetic innervation to the submandibular and sublingual glands?
Which nerve carries parasympathetic innervation to the submandibular and sublingual glands?
Which of the following is a function of saliva that primarily impacts the perception of taste?
Which of the following is a function of saliva that primarily impacts the perception of taste?
Flashcards
What is saliva?
What is saliva?
A colourless, slightly sticky solution produced by the salivary glands, consisting of water, organic, and inorganic substances.
Saliva sources by gland
Saliva sources by gland
The submandibular glands contribute the most, followed by the parotid, sublingual, and minor salivary glands.
Saliva composition
Saliva composition
99% water, 1% organic and inorganic substances
pH of saliva
pH of saliva
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Lysozyme
Lysozyme
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Amylase
Amylase
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Mucin
Mucin
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Urea
Urea
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Ions
Ions
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Bicarbonate
Bicarbonate
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Protective functions of Saliva
Protective functions of Saliva
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Buffering function of Saliva
Buffering function of Saliva
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Taste function of Saliva
Taste function of Saliva
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Antimicrobial function of saliva
Antimicrobial function of saliva
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Saliva Quantity
Saliva Quantity
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Impact of pH on plaque
Impact of pH on plaque
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Demineralization process
Demineralization process
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Remineralisation process
Remineralisation process
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Salivation mechanism
Salivation mechanism
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Sympathetic stimulation
Sympathetic stimulation
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Parasympathetic stimulation
Parasympathetic stimulation
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Sympathetic Supply to Palate
Sympathetic Supply to Palate
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Parasympathetic supply to palate
Parasympathetic supply to palate
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Sympathetic supply to submandibular glands
Sympathetic supply to submandibular glands
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Parasympathetic submandibular supply
Parasympathetic submandibular supply
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Sympathetic supply to parotid gland
Sympathetic supply to parotid gland
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Parasympathetic parotid gland
Parasympathetic parotid gland
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Anterior Two-Thirds
Anterior Two-Thirds
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Posterior third taste supply
Posterior third taste supply
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Factors with Saliva Reduction
Factors with Saliva Reduction
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Hypersalivation
Hypersalivation
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Xerostomia
Xerostomia
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Saliva route transmission
Saliva route transmission
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Transmitted diseases through Saliva
Transmitted diseases through Saliva
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Study Notes
- This lecture provides an overview of saliva and its function, along with the process of salivation
- GDC ILOs 1.1.5 and 1.1.6 relate to describing anatomy and physiology and their application to patient management
- Related topics include embryology, salivary glands, xerostomia, skull, and regional anatomy
Learning Outcomes
- List organic and inorganic components of saliva and describe their function
- Describe the functions of saliva
- Describe the mechanism of salivation
- Outline factors impacting salivary flow
What is Saliva
- Saliva can be described as a colorless slightly sticky solution produced by the salivary glands.
- Saliva is either serous or mucous in consistency
- Between 1-1.5 liters of saliva are produced every 24 hours
Sources of Saliva
- Major and minor salivary glands produce varying amounts of saliva
- Submandibular glands contribute 60-65% of total saliva volume
- Parotid glands contribute 25% of total saliva volume
- Sublingual glands contribute 5-10% of total saliva volume
- Minor salivary glands contribute less than 10% of total saliva volume
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