Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the role of the tonic syllable in a tone unit?
What is the role of the tonic syllable in a tone unit?
Which statement correctly describes the structure of a tone unit?
Which statement correctly describes the structure of a tone unit?
In the context of intonation, what does pitch refer to?
In the context of intonation, what does pitch refer to?
What does the term 'head' refer to in a tone unit?
What does the term 'head' refer to in a tone unit?
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Which of the following best summarizes the concept of tonality in utterances?
Which of the following best summarizes the concept of tonality in utterances?
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What is the primary role of pitch in intonation?
What is the primary role of pitch in intonation?
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Which of the following describes a LOW FALL tone?
Which of the following describes a LOW FALL tone?
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What distinguishes the tonic syllable in an utterance?
What distinguishes the tonic syllable in an utterance?
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In which structure does the term 'Head' specifically refer to?
In which structure does the term 'Head' specifically refer to?
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What is typically NOT a category of tonal patterns mentioned in the content?
What is typically NOT a category of tonal patterns mentioned in the content?
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What is the function of tone units in intonation?
What is the function of tone units in intonation?
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Which term refers to the highest and lowest limits of the human voice?
Which term refers to the highest and lowest limits of the human voice?
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What is the purpose of using single and double vertical lines in transcription?
What is the purpose of using single and double vertical lines in transcription?
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Study Notes
Intonation Overview
- Intonation is the linguistically significant pattern of pitch variations in a stretch of speech.
- Pitch is an auditory sensation that allows us to place the voice along a range from low to high.
- A continuous movement in pitch from one level to another is called a tone.
- Utterances are divided into tone units, also known as tonality.
Intonation - Pitch
- Pitch is related to the physical phenomenon of the rate of vocal fold vibration.
- Faster vibration leads to a higher pitch, and vice versa.
- Pitch is essential for understanding intonation patterns.
Intonation - Pitch Range
- Human voice has a range of highest and lowest pitches.
- The pitch range includes high, mid and low.
Intonation - Tone
- A continuous movement of pitch from one level to another constitutes a tone.
- Tone variations are graphically depicted using upward and downward sloping lines within the pitch range.
Intonation - Tones
- Specific tone types (e.g., low fall, high fall, low rise, high rise, fall-rise, rise-fall, mid-level) combine to convey nuanced meanings.
- These tones are often shown alongside words to illustrate how the pitch changes might alter the meaning.
Intonation - Tonality
- Utterances are divided into smaller units called tone units, intonation phrases, or intonation groups.
- Tone units are separated by single vertical lines (|).
- Double vertical lines (||) indicate pauses.
- Examples were given, showing how these units are split apart.
Intonation - Tonicity
- The syllable carrying the tone in a tone unit is called the tonic syllable or nucleus (TS).
- The TS is the essential part–there is always one.
- Syllables carrying the tone in a tone group can usually be high or low.
- Other accented syllables before the tonic syllable are marked with ', or ° .
- The tonal movement often continues through the tail, any syllables following the TS (whether accented or not) which continues previous tonal patterns for better comprehension.
Intonation - Structure
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The head consists of accented syllables from the first accented syllable to the tonic syllable.
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The pre-head encompasses any unaccented syllables preceding the head.
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The tail comprises the syllables after the tonic syllable, with the pitch movement continuing.
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Examples show how tonic syllables are represented with graphical symbols and how they are marked in the overall structure of tonality in pronunciation analysis.
Recap
- Intonation is a pattern of pitch variations conveying meaning in speech.
- Pitch is an auditory sense of the rate of vocal fold vibration.
- Tones are continuous pitch movements within the range.
- Utterances are separated into tone units.
- The tonic syllable carries the tone, and understanding its placement is essential.
Next steps
- Students should review the use of intonation functions.
- Understand the meaning of the tones presented.
- Practice reading examples from the PPT.
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