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Questions and Answers
What must be painted red to indicate danger to maintenance staff?
What must be painted red to indicate danger to maintenance staff?
Which of the following is NOT a classification of Over-Dimensioned Consignments (ODC)?
Which of the following is NOT a classification of Over-Dimensioned Consignments (ODC)?
What is the maximum length for a consignment to avoid being classified as over-dimensioned for BG?
What is the maximum length for a consignment to avoid being classified as over-dimensioned for BG?
Before cutting the armour or lead sheath of a cable, what should be established?
Before cutting the armour or lead sheath of a cable, what should be established?
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What minimum clearance does class ‘A’ ODC require from fixed structures?
What minimum clearance does class ‘A’ ODC require from fixed structures?
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What is the purpose of the key K1 in the operation of isolator S1?
What is the purpose of the key K1 in the operation of isolator S1?
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Who is allowed to open the interruptors and isolator switches controlling the power supply?
Who is allowed to open the interruptors and isolator switches controlling the power supply?
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What happens after key K2 is released from isolator S2?
What happens after key K2 is released from isolator S2?
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What precaution must be observed before opening the main isolator 'L'?
What precaution must be observed before opening the main isolator 'L'?
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What is the significance of the double lock mechanism on isolators S1 and S2?
What is the significance of the double lock mechanism on isolators S1 and S2?
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What is the role of the ASM in relation to the interruptors?
What is the role of the ASM in relation to the interruptors?
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How is the operation of watering sections controlled by manually operated isolating switches different than that by interruptors?
How is the operation of watering sections controlled by manually operated isolating switches different than that by interruptors?
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What must a linesman do before leaving their duty station?
What must a linesman do before leaving their duty station?
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Where should the list of authorized linesmen be displayed?
Where should the list of authorized linesmen be displayed?
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What is the duty of the ASM regarding the keys of interruptor enclosures and isolators?
What is the duty of the ASM regarding the keys of interruptor enclosures and isolators?
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What should be painted above each peg in the key box?
What should be painted above each peg in the key box?
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When can the linesman receive the key for watering when the train is not hauled by an electric locomotive?
When can the linesman receive the key for watering when the train is not hauled by an electric locomotive?
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What must the TXR-in-charge of watering check upon receiving the ‘permit-to-work’ key?
What must the TXR-in-charge of watering check upon receiving the ‘permit-to-work’ key?
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What is required before allowing an electric locomotive to enter a watering section?
What is required before allowing an electric locomotive to enter a watering section?
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How should the keys be hung in the glass-fronted key box?
How should the keys be hung in the glass-fronted key box?
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What must the linesman do after receiving the key from the ASM?
What must the linesman do after receiving the key from the ASM?
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What should the Gate-keeper do if the wires drop at a level crossing?
What should the Gate-keeper do if the wires drop at a level crossing?
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Who must supervise the loading and unloading of open or hopper wagons on electrified tracks?
Who must supervise the loading and unloading of open or hopper wagons on electrified tracks?
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What distance should Permanent Way staff maintain from the tracks when an electrically hauled train is nearby?
What distance should Permanent Way staff maintain from the tracks when an electrically hauled train is nearby?
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When unloading rails alongside the tracks, what must be ensured regarding the rails?
When unloading rails alongside the tracks, what must be ensured regarding the rails?
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What should be used to bridge gaps during maintenance when removing fish-plates or rails?
What should be used to bridge gaps during maintenance when removing fish-plates or rails?
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What is the proper way to handle two parts of a fractured rail?
What is the proper way to handle two parts of a fractured rail?
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In the case of a defective rail bond, what is the required action?
In the case of a defective rail bond, what is the required action?
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What is required when working with tools in the Permanent Way?
What is required when working with tools in the Permanent Way?
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In track-circulated areas, what should not be used to bridge insulated joints?
In track-circulated areas, what should not be used to bridge insulated joints?
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What should be ensured when using temporary connections during track renewals?
What should be ensured when using temporary connections during track renewals?
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What is the required height for the red band to be painted around the signal post?
What is the required height for the red band to be painted around the signal post?
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Which group is responsible for explaining the installation instructions to the staff?
Which group is responsible for explaining the installation instructions to the staff?
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What could cause a potential difference to build up between two rails?
What could cause a potential difference to build up between two rails?
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What type of tools should staff use when working in direct contact with the rails?
What type of tools should staff use when working in direct contact with the rails?
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Which safety measure is essential when working on signaling and telecommunication circuits along electrified lines?
Which safety measure is essential when working on signaling and telecommunication circuits along electrified lines?
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What should be done if rubber gloves cannot be used during work?
What should be done if rubber gloves cannot be used during work?
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What type of currents can induce voltage in signaling circuits?
What type of currents can induce voltage in signaling circuits?
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What is a possible source of dangerous potentials in circuits with earth connections?
What is a possible source of dangerous potentials in circuits with earth connections?
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Which of the following is NOT a precaution while working on installations near rails?
Which of the following is NOT a precaution while working on installations near rails?
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What type of work should staff be particularly cautious about when working near 25 kV AC electrified lines?
What type of work should staff be particularly cautious about when working near 25 kV AC electrified lines?
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What should be confirmed before allowing an Over Dimensioned Consignment (ODC) to enter a section with power cut off?
What should be confirmed before allowing an Over Dimensioned Consignment (ODC) to enter a section with power cut off?
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Which of the following details is NOT included in the certificate required for CRS sanction for an ODC?
Which of the following details is NOT included in the certificate required for CRS sanction for an ODC?
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What is required to ensure safety when transporting rubber tyred vehicles through an electrified area?
What is required to ensure safety when transporting rubber tyred vehicles through an electrified area?
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Under what condition is earthing of the Over Head Equipment (OHE) not necessary when moving an ODC?
Under what condition is earthing of the Over Head Equipment (OHE) not necessary when moving an ODC?
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What responsibility does the Section Controller have when an ODC is moving in an electrified section?
What responsibility does the Section Controller have when an ODC is moving in an electrified section?
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What immediate action should be taken upon receiving advice of a break in traction overhead lines?
What immediate action should be taken upon receiving advice of a break in traction overhead lines?
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What is the minimum distance staff must maintain from a 25 kV live OHE when working on signal posts?
What is the minimum distance staff must maintain from a 25 kV live OHE when working on signal posts?
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What action should be taken if abnormal working of any equipment is noticed after a wire break?
What action should be taken if abnormal working of any equipment is noticed after a wire break?
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What is required from the Signal Department representative after checking signaling equipment for damage?
What is required from the Signal Department representative after checking signaling equipment for damage?
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Which of the following is NOT a precaution when working on signalling and telecommunication installations?
Which of the following is NOT a precaution when working on signalling and telecommunication installations?
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What must be immediately tested if a catenary or contact wire snaps?
What must be immediately tested if a catenary or contact wire snaps?
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What determines the need for maintenance protection when working on signaling equipment near live OHE?
What determines the need for maintenance protection when working on signaling equipment near live OHE?
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Which piece of equipment is most adversely affected if a contact wire falls on the running track?
Which piece of equipment is most adversely affected if a contact wire falls on the running track?
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What is the primary purpose of the yellow flags or lights during the watering operation?
What is the primary purpose of the yellow flags or lights during the watering operation?
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What must be done with the authority badges after the watering operation is completed?
What must be done with the authority badges after the watering operation is completed?
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What precautions must be taken before opening hydrants during the watering process?
What precautions must be taken before opening hydrants during the watering process?
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Which area must staff gather in after completing their watering tasks?
Which area must staff gather in after completing their watering tasks?
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What action should be taken if a badge is lost during the watering operation?
What action should be taken if a badge is lost during the watering operation?
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Which of the following is NOT a precaution the staff must be conversant with during the watering operation?
Which of the following is NOT a precaution the staff must be conversant with during the watering operation?
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What should the TXR ensure regarding the area after completing the watering operation?
What should the TXR ensure regarding the area after completing the watering operation?
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What is the minimum height for the red band painted around the signal post?
What is the minimum height for the red band painted around the signal post?
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Which potential difference scenario is NOT a cause of concern when dealing with return current in rails?
Which potential difference scenario is NOT a cause of concern when dealing with return current in rails?
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What should be done when working on signaling circuits along electrified lines if rubber gloves cannot be utilized?
What should be done when working on signaling circuits along electrified lines if rubber gloves cannot be utilized?
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What is one of the significant dangers when earth connections in telecommunication circuits are compromised?
What is one of the significant dangers when earth connections in telecommunication circuits are compromised?
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What is the primary responsibility of the TXR-in-charge during the watering process?
What is the primary responsibility of the TXR-in-charge during the watering process?
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Which of the following tools is NOT recommended for staff when working in contact with the rails?
Which of the following tools is NOT recommended for staff when working in contact with the rails?
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Which of the following precautions is necessary to prevent sparking during the handling of petroleum products?
Which of the following precautions is necessary to prevent sparking during the handling of petroleum products?
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When may a potential difference develop across two rails?
When may a potential difference develop across two rails?
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What should be done to ensure no stray currents propagate during loading operations?
What should be done to ensure no stray currents propagate during loading operations?
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What action should not be taken while staff explains safety instructions to coworkers?
What action should not be taken while staff explains safety instructions to coworkers?
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How should pipelines near the track be maintained concerning safety protocols?
How should pipelines near the track be maintained concerning safety protocols?
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Which of the following scenarios does NOT require the use of insulated tools?
Which of the following scenarios does NOT require the use of insulated tools?
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Which safety measure must be observed regarding the positioning of oil tankers during inspection?
Which safety measure must be observed regarding the positioning of oil tankers during inspection?
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Which statement regarding precautions against induction potentials is false?
Which statement regarding precautions against induction potentials is false?
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What is the required electrical clearance from live overhead equipment to any nearby equipment?
What is the required electrical clearance from live overhead equipment to any nearby equipment?
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Which of the following must be done when setting up the continuity of track and contact wire during operations?
Which of the following must be done when setting up the continuity of track and contact wire during operations?
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What arrangement is necessary for loading zones to avoid hazards?
What arrangement is necessary for loading zones to avoid hazards?
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What is a necessary bonding requirement in the vicinity of the track during petroleum loading operations?
What is a necessary bonding requirement in the vicinity of the track during petroleum loading operations?
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Study Notes
Safety Precautions on Electrified Sections
- Induction Effect: 25 kV AC 50 Hz single-phase traction induces significant electro-static and electro-magnetic induction on metallic structures and conductors in the tract.
- Electro-static Induction: Results from the high potential of 25 kV on the overhead line equipment (OHE) system.
- Electro-magnetic Induction: Proportional to currents flowing from substations to the OHE and back, partly through the track and earth.
- Precautions: Staff working on traction lines must take adequate precautions against the dangerous inductive effects of 25 kV AC systems.
- Overhead Conductors & Parallelism: Induced voltage is appreciable on overhead conductors parallel to tracks, depending on their length of parallelism.
- Overhead Telecommunication Lines: Often replaced by underground cables due to induction effects. Special protective measures to reduce induction effects are required.
- Yard Voltage: Induction in yard lighting mains situated 8 meters from double-line tracks can reach hundreds of volts with significant parallelism (270 meters). This effect can persist even after power is switched off.
- Earthing: When working on overhead lines near electrified tracks, earthing should be done individually on both sides at the working location. The maximum distance between earthing points should not exceed 1 km.
- Large Metallic Structures: Large metallic structures (e.g., fences, platform steelwork) parallel to tracks should be appropriately earthed to prevent risks.
- Outside Parties Lines: Metallic conductors (e.g., clotheslines, power lines) close to electrified tracks can experience significant induction effects; precautions are essential.
- Smoke Pollution: Operation of steam locomotives can pollute OHE insulators, creating maintenance difficulties. Chimneys should not be positioned under insulators. Avoid continuous blowing of safety valves and sudden starting/stopping of engines.
Working of Steam and Diesel Locomotives in Electrified Sections
- Smoke Pollution Prevention: No steam locomotive should be left standing with the chimney under an OHE insulator. Avoid sudden opening of blowers and priming through the exhaust.
- Boiler Shell and Tender Standing: Staff should not stand on boiler shells or tenders when located under live OHE (Overhead Line Equipment) to avoid electrocution.
- Fire-Spraying, Advancing, and Fuel Handling: Be cautious when firing coal, raking fires, or using tools; keep them away from the danger zone near electrified equipment. Avoid (spraying) water on coal near electrified tracks.
- Loading Fuel: Fueling should occur in areas outside electrified zones. Coal height should be maintained within limits.
- Watering of Locomotives: Workers must avoid climbing onto the tender to open the water tank or to insert the water funnel, and to use the operation rods.
Watering of Carriages in Electrified Sections
- Basic Precautions: Implement "side filling" arrangements to water carriages instead of overhead filling. Prior to electrification, carriages must have provisions for side-filling. Special precautions for existing/overhead-only watering areas.
- Earthing: If carriages are on lines with overhead traction, get on to the roofs only after making the overhead wires above dead and earthed. Avoid poles or long objects near live cables.
- Watering Arrangements and Isolation: Establish separate watering sections with different isolators for each platform (elementary section).
Controlling Switches and Interlocking
- "L" Interruptors/Isolators: Localised switch connected to the end platform and is controlled by dedicated personnel
- S1 and S2 Interruptors/Isolators: Manually operated isolators located at each end of the watering section
- Safety Precautions: The keys for the switching enclosures and isolators are kept separately, with markings.
- Key Register: Each watering station must maintain a key register for recording key changes, including dates, times, and personnel. Staff must have proper identification.
- Loss of Keys: Report any loss/damage of controlling keys for switching arrangements immediately to the relevant division authorities.
Other Precautions, Over-dimensioned Consignments, and Personnel
- Crane Operation: No crane operations near overhead equipment are permitted without authorized personnel.
- Decorative Fittings: Avoid adding decorative pieces to locomotive chimneys, which could raise their height.
- External Ownership Locomotives: External ownership locomotives operating in electrified areas must be advised on safety requirements and their staff trained and/or aware of relevant rules.
- Over-dimensioned Consignments (ODCs): ODCs must have clearance from fixed structures in excess of 228.6 mm when standard dimensions are violated.
- Power Movement Precautions: Obtain proper authorization permits from competent authorities to allow ODCs to traverse/move through electrified tracks.
- Rubber-Tyred Vehicle Movement: Ensure that any metallic parts of rubber-tired vehicles being transported on railway wagons are correctly earthed to prevent induction effects
- Competency Certificates: All staff working in electrified areas must complete a relevant proficiency course to comply with safety requirements.
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Description
This quiz focuses on the essential safety precautions related to working on electrified railway sections, particularly concerning the induction effects of 25 kV AC systems. It covers electro-static and electro-magnetic induction, as well as necessary protective measures for staff and infrastructure. Understanding these concepts is vital for ensuring safety in traction line operations.
