Safety in Machinery and Robotics
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Questions and Answers

What does the variable S represent in the stopping distance formula S = V2/30 μ?

  • Stopping distance (correct)
  • Coefficient of friction
  • Time taken to stop
  • Initial velocity

What does a presence-sensing mat do?

  • Alerts operators about hazardous areas
  • Detects operator presence to start the machine
  • Detects a predetermined weight to stop machine operation (correct)
  • Automatically adjusts to the height of the operator

Which of the following is a common hazard associated with railroads?

  • Wind shear
  • Poor communication
  • Grade crossing accidents (correct)
  • Icing of wings

What is a limitation of enclosure guards in machinery?

<p>They require removal for machine adjustment (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of two-hand control systems?

<p>To prevent operators from entering the danger area (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the critical components of hazard control?

<p>Effective communication (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of gate provides a barrier during the entire machine cycle?

<p>Type 'B' Gate (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a pinch point hazard?

<p>When objects move together crushing what is between them (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a disadvantage of adjustable guards?

<p>They require frequent maintenance or adjustment (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of pullback devices in machine safety?

<p>To automatically withdraw the operator's hands from danger (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What additional precautions are needed when entering the robotics work envelope?

<p>Following lockout and tagout procedures (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does pendant control benefit robot operation?

<p>It enables control at slow speeds with emergency stop capabilities (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of locking out main power sources on machines or systems?

<p>To prevent unintended operation during maintenance (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does a presence-sensing device do?

<p>Stops operation when the sensing field is disturbed (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of gate provides a barrier during the downstroke of a mechanical press?

<p>Type 'B' Gate (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a feature of self-adjusting guards?

<p>Move according to the size of the stock being processed (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of restraint devices?

<p>To connect the operator's wrists limiting reach (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the two-hand control safeguard require?

<p>Simultaneous use of both hands to operate safely (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of awareness barriers?

<p>To alert people about hazards present (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes adjustable guards?

<p>Adjust for various operations but can be ineffective (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do pullback devices function?

<p>Automatically release hands during operation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the key components of hazard control?

<p>Planning and designing (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of a design error that can introduce hazards?

<p>Failure to convert square inches to square feet (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can result from inadequate packaging in production and distribution?

<p>Release of hazardous materials (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which principle is crucial for minimizing hazards?

<p>Recognizing and defining preventive actions (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the highest priority for reducing hazards?

<p>Eliminating or replacing the hazard (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can lead to failures and hazards in hazard control planning and design?

<p>Ignoring the use environment and making inadequate assumptions (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can hazard severity be reduced?

<p>Implementing a sprinkler system (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be prioritized first when reducing hazards?

<p>Eliminate or replace the hazard (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does redundancy in a system help to achieve?

<p>Lower the probability of error (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which category is associated with locations where flammable gases are present?

<p>Category I (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which component is NOT part of the communication process that can introduce hazards?

<p>Measurement (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a recommended measure to minimize the likelihood of exposure to hazards?

<p>Use smaller quantities of flammable or toxic materials (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can defective or damaged cords lead to?

<p>Shocks, burns, or fires (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of a hazardous location?

<p>An area with easily ignitable fibers or flyings (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary objective of hazard control?

<p>Eliminate or reduce risks from hazards (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can redundancy in a system help in hazard control?

<p>It reduces the probability of error or failure (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following actions is effective in preventing electrical hazards?

<p>Inspecting cords and wires before use (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is NOT a principle of hazard control?

<p>Neglect historical data (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What factor is critical in ensuring effective hazard communication?

<p>Clarity of the message (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of these is an inappropriate safety practice regarding electrical cords?

<p>Using worn or damaged cords (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Presence-sensing Mat

A safety device that stops a machine when a specific weight is detected on the mat.

Two-hand Control

Requires both hands to be actively engaged to start the machine cycle, preventing hands from entering the danger zone.

Type 'A' Gate

A safety barrier that moves to block the operator's access to the danger zone during machine operation.

Type 'B' Gate

A barrier that protects the operator from the danger zone during the downward stroke of the machine.

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Awareness Barrier

Safety device that alerts workers about hazardous areas or operations.

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Hood Guard

A protective guard designed for circular table saws that moves up and down with the material being cut.

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Restraint Device

Safety device that prevents operators from reaching the danger zone by physically restricting their hand movement.

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Zero Mechanical State (ZMS)

A safety principle that ensures machines are safe for maintenance, setup, or cleaning by addressing all potential energy sources, not just electrical power.

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Presence-sensing Devices

Safety devices that use sensors to detect the presence of an operator or object within a hazardous area and stop machine operation.

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Pullback Devices

Safety devices that automatically withdraw the worker's hands from the point of operation during a machine cycle.

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Stopping Distance Formula

The formula that calculates the distance a vehicle travels before coming to a complete stop from a certain initial speed, considering factors like friction between tires and pavement.

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Pinch Point Hazard

A situation where two or more objects move towards each other, potentially crushing or shearing anything in between. Examples include in-running nip points and self-propelled interlocks.

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Enclosure Guard

A protective barrier that surrounds a machine's operating zone. It prevents workers from accessing hazardous areas while the machine is running.

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Hazard

Any event or condition that has the potential to cause harm or injury. These risks can be present in various workplaces, from manufacturing settings to transportation.

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Hazard Control

The process of identifying and controlling potential hazards to prevent accidents and injuries. It focuses on eliminating or mitigating risks associated with specific hazards.

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Design Error

A design flaw that can introduce hazards, such as miscalculations or neglecting safety factors.

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Hazardous Locations

Situations in which flammable gases, vapors, combustible dust, or easily ignitable fibers or flyings are present.

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Reducing Probability of Occurrence

Reducing the likelihood of an incident by making a hazard less likely to occur.

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Reducing Hazard Severity

Minimizing the severity of an incident by reducing the potential for injury, illness, or damage.

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Redundancy

Using backup systems to reduce the probability of error or failure.

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Preventive Actions

A method of hazard control that involves implementing actions to prevent a hazard from occurring.

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Corrective Actions

Actions taken to address a hazard after it has occurred, mitigating its impact.

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Effective Communication

Communicating changes in designs, operations, and procedures to all affected parties.

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Hazard Reduction Priorities

Prioritizing hazard reduction strategies, focusing on eliminating the hazard, reducing its level, or providing safety measures.

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Design Errors and Hazards

Design errors can lead to failures and hazards. Examples include overlooking the use environment, making incorrect assumptions, and using inadequate safety factors.

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Production and Distribution Hazards

Production and distribution practices can introduce hazards. Examples include replacing one chemical with another without proper assessment, inadequate packaging, and improper maintenance.

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Communication and Hazards

Inadequate communication can create hazards. Changes in design, operations, or procedures must be communicated effectively to prevent confusion and errors.

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Redundancy for Safety

Redundancy in systems and operations helps to reduce the likelihood of errors and failures. This can involve designing for lower failure rates, using backup systems, and avoiding single-point failures.

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Hazardous Location Classifications

Areas where flammable gases, vapors, combustible dust, or easily ignitable fibers are present are classified as hazardous locations. These require special safety measures.

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Safety with Cords

Defective or damaged cords can cause electrical shocks, burns, or fires. Safety precautions include inspecting cords before use, using only 3-wire cords rated for hard or extra-hard usage, and insulating live wires.

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Historical Data and Hazard Identification

Using historical data can help in identifying or anticipating existing or potential hazards, allowing for proactive measures to prevent incidents.

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Communication Components

The four key components of communication are: the sender, the message, the media or channel, and the receiver, who decodes and provides feedback.

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Study Notes

Hazard Control

  • Hazard control involves reducing or eliminating risks from hazards.
  • Planning and design are crucial for hazard control, crucial for preventing failures and hazards
  • Failure to consider the environment, use of incorrect factors of safety, and inadequate assumptions, can all introduce hazards.

Production and Distribution

  • Hazards can arise during production and distribution stages, like replacing chemicals or using inadequate packaging.
  • Poor maintenance and repair increase hazards in these processes

Communication

  • Poor communication introduces hazards, especially when changes are not communicated effectively.
  • The four components that make up communication are: sender, message, channel, and receiver

Principles of Hazard Control

  • To minimize hazards, recognize them, define preventive actions, assign responsibility, and measure effectiveness.
  • Historical data helps identify potential hazards

Reduce the Hazard

  • Priorities for hazard reduction include eliminating, reducing hazard level, utilizing safety devices, warnings, and safety procedures.
  • Reducing severity leads to less injury.
  • Strategies for reducing severity include placing hazards in low-traffic areas, using smaller amounts of hazardous materials

Redundancy-Backup System

  • Backup systems, or redundancy, in an operation or system lowers the probability of component failure.

Hazardous Locations

  • Locations are classified into three categories:
    • Class I: Flammable/explosive mixtures
    • Class II: Combustible dust
    • Class III: Easily ignitable fibers/flyings.

Defective or Damaged Cords

  • Improperly used cords cause shocks, burns, fires
  • Safety measures include insulating live wires, inspecting cords before use, and only using 3-wire cords for heavy use

Accident Reconstruction

  • S = V2⁄30μ where S is stopping distance, V is initial velocity, and μ is coefficient of friction.

Railroads

  • Explosions, fires, and releases of toxic materials are common hazards, usually from grade crossings.

Aviation Hazards

  • Leaking fuel tanks and ignition, icing of wings, and detecting wind shear are significant concerns.

Pinch Point Hazards

  • Hazards occur when two or more objects move towards one another crushing or shearing whatever is between them

Enclosure Guards

  • Fixed guards prevent additional hazards, like pinch points, and allow viewing points of operation
  • Guards may be impractical for changing productions, repair or adjustment.

Distance and Location

  • Minimum distance from floor/surface to mechanical power transmission apparatus varies, commonly 7 to 8 ft.

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Related Documents

Hazard Control PDF

Description

This quiz covers critical safety concepts related to machinery and robotics, including stopping distance formulas, hazard control systems, and the functionality of various safety devices. Test your knowledge on important safety protocols and systems designed to protect operators and machinery alike.

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