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Questions and Answers
During an Antero-posterior projection of the sacrum, what range of degrees cranially should the central ray be directed from the vertical?
During an Antero-posterior projection of the sacrum, what range of degrees cranially should the central ray be directed from the vertical?
- 5-10 degrees
- 25-40 degrees
- 40-55 degrees
- 10-25 degrees (correct)
In a lateral projection of the coccyx, the central ray should be directed at right angles to the long axis of the sacrum and towards the symphysis pubis.
In a lateral projection of the coccyx, the central ray should be directed at right angles to the long axis of the sacrum and towards the symphysis pubis.
False (B)
In an antero-posterior projection of the sacrum, centering of the X-ray beam is directed towards a point midway between the anterior superior iliac spines and the superior border of what?
In an antero-posterior projection of the sacrum, centering of the X-ray beam is directed towards a point midway between the anterior superior iliac spines and the superior border of what?
symphysis pubis
For an AP projection of the coccyx, the cassette is displaced ______ so that its center coincides with the central ray.
For an AP projection of the coccyx, the cassette is displaced ______ so that its center coincides with the central ray.
Match each vertebral area with its descriptive characteristic:
Match each vertebral area with its descriptive characteristic:
What is the primary consideration regarding the sacrum during radiographic imaging due to its anatomy?
What is the primary consideration regarding the sacrum during radiographic imaging due to its anatomy?
In a lateral projection of the sacrum, the patient should lie on their back on the Bucky table.
In a lateral projection of the sacrum, the patient should lie on their back on the Bucky table.
When positioning a patient for an antero-posterior projection of the sacrum, the median sagittal plane should coincide with what?
When positioning a patient for an antero-posterior projection of the sacrum, the median sagittal plane should coincide with what?
When performing a lateral projection of the coccyx, the central ray is directed at right angles to the long axis of the ______.
When performing a lateral projection of the coccyx, the central ray is directed at right angles to the long axis of the ______.
Match the following anatomical structures with their descriptions:
Match the following anatomical structures with their descriptions:
Why might a radiographer flex the patient's knees over a foam pad when performing a supine AP projection of the sacrum or coccyx?
Why might a radiographer flex the patient's knees over a foam pad when performing a supine AP projection of the sacrum or coccyx?
When performing a lateral projection of the coccyx, it is acceptable for the patient's arms to be positioned beside their body for stability.
When performing a lateral projection of the coccyx, it is acceptable for the patient's arms to be positioned beside their body for stability.
For a lateral projection of the sacrum, the central ray is directed to the midline of the table at a level midway between what two anatomical structures?
For a lateral projection of the sacrum, the central ray is directed to the midline of the table at a level midway between what two anatomical structures?
In an AP projection of the coccyx, the central ray is directed 15 degrees ______ toward a point in the midline 2.5 cm superior to the symphysis pubis.
In an AP projection of the coccyx, the central ray is directed 15 degrees ______ toward a point in the midline 2.5 cm superior to the symphysis pubis.
Which of the following is a key step in positioning the patient for an anteroposterior (AP) projection of the sacrum?
Which of the following is a key step in positioning the patient for an anteroposterior (AP) projection of the sacrum?
During the lateral projection of the coccyx, it is okay to have the patient rotated slightly.
During the lateral projection of the coccyx, it is okay to have the patient rotated slightly.
What is the typical central ray angulation required for an AP projection of the sacrum, directed towards a point midway between the ASIS and symphysis pubis?
What is the typical central ray angulation required for an AP projection of the sacrum, directed towards a point midway between the ASIS and symphysis pubis?
For the lateral projection of the coccyx, the patient lies on their side on the Bucky table, aligning the palpable coccyx in the ______ of the Bucky.
For the lateral projection of the coccyx, the patient lies on their side on the Bucky table, aligning the palpable coccyx in the ______ of the Bucky.
What is the main reason to flex the knees of a patient for an AP projection of the coccyx?
What is the main reason to flex the knees of a patient for an AP projection of the coccyx?
Radiological considerations for the sacrum are not needed during these procedures.
Radiological considerations for the sacrum are not needed during these procedures.
Flashcards
Antero-posterior position for Sacrum
Antero-posterior position for Sacrum
An X-ray projection where the patient lies supine or prone on the Bucky table.
X-ray beam direction for Sacrum
X-ray beam direction for Sacrum
Direct the central ray 10-25 degrees cranially towards a point midway between the anterior superior iliac spines and the symphysis pubis.
Radiological considerations for the Sacrum
Radiological considerations for the Sacrum
Problems with exposure can lead to pathologies such as fractures and metastases being missed.
Lateral position for Sacrum
Lateral position for Sacrum
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X-ray beam direction for lateral Sacrum
X-ray beam direction for lateral Sacrum
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Antero-posterior position for Coccyx
Antero-posterior position for Coccyx
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X-ray beam direction for Coccyx
X-ray beam direction for Coccyx
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Lateral position for Coccyx
Lateral position for Coccyx
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X-ray beam direction for lateral Coccyx
X-ray beam direction for lateral Coccyx
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Study Notes
- Lecture covers radiographic procedures for the vertebral column, specifically focusing on the sacrum and coccyx
Sacrum Radiography
- Basic projections covered are antero-posterior and lateral
Antero-Posterior Projection
- The patient lies supine or prone on the Bucky table
- Ensure the median sagittal plane is coincident with, and at right-angles to, the midline of the Bucky
- The anterior superior iliac spines should be equidistant from the tabletop
- For patient comfort, the knees can be flexed over a foam pad, which reduces pelvic tilt
- The central ray is directed 10-25 degrees cranially from the vertical
- Aim midway between the level of the anterior superior iliac spines and the superior border of the symphysis pubis.
- Central point is 5 cm (2 inches) above the symphysis pubis
- Be aware of the sacrum being a thin bone
- Exposure problems can lead to fractures and metastases being missed
Lateral Projection
- The patient lies on either side on the Bucky table
- Raise arms with hands resting on a pillow
- Knees and hips are flexed slightly for stability
- Direct the central ray at right-angles to the long axis of the sacrum
- Target the midline of the table, midway between the posterior superior iliac spines and the sacro-coccygeal junction
Coccyx Radiography
- Basic projections covered are antero-posterior and lateral
Antero-Posterior Projection
- The patient lies supine on the Bucky table
- The median sagittal plane is coincident with, and at right-angles to, the midline of the Bucky
- The anterior superior iliac spines should be equidistant from the tabletop
- Knees can be flexed over a foam pad for comfort and to reduce pelvic tilt
- The cassette is displaced caudally so that its centre coincides with the central ray
- The central ray is directed 15 degrees caudally
- Aim the point in the midline 2.5 cm superior to the symphysis pubis
Lateral Projection
- The patient lies on either side on the Bucky table
- The palpable coccyx is in the midline of the Bucky
- Raise arms, with hands resting on a pillow
- Knees and hips are flexed slightly for stability
- Direct the central ray at right-angles to the long axis of the sacrum
- Aim towards the palpable coccyx
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