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Questions and Answers
Which of the following is true about hypothermic patients?
Which of the following is true about hypothermic patients?
- Their total plasma volume is usually high
- Rapid volume expansion is not recommended
- IV fluids should be heated to 40° C to 42° C (correct)
- Hemoconcentration is usually absent
What is the recommended temperature for IV fluids in hypothermic patients?
What is the recommended temperature for IV fluids in hypothermic patients?
- 40° C
- 42° C
- 104° F
- 107.6° F (correct)
What can contribute to sodium loss in hypothermic patients?
What can contribute to sodium loss in hypothermic patients?
- Preexisting gastrointestinal losses (correct)
- Diuretic treatment
- Decreased plasma volume
- Fluid shifts
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Study Notes
- In patients with moderate or severe hypothermia, their total plasma volume is usually low but their circulatory plasma volume is usually high due to increased peripheral vascular resistance.
- Rapid volume expansion can be lifesaving in these patients, especially during rewarming.
- Fluids administered via the intravenous (IV) should be heated to 40° C to 42° C (104° F–107.6° F).
- If a commercial fluid or blood warmer is not available, IV fluids can be heated in a standard microwave.
- Hemoconcentration due to decreased plasma volume, fluid shifts, and increased vascular permeability is usually present.
- Preexisting gastrointestinal losses or previous diuretic treatment can also contribute to sodium loss.
- Most patients will be free water-depleted, elevating the sodium level and osmolality.
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