Rwanda and South African History Quiz

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What was the primary purpose of the gacaca courts established in Rwanda in 2002?

To speed up the justice process for genocide-related cases (correct)
To facilitate international legal proceedings
To punish high-ranking officials for genocide
To provide educational programs for the public

What was a major consequence of the apartheid system in South Africa?

Segregated living areas based on racial classification (correct)
Neutral economic policies affecting all races equally
Increased voting rights for black citizens
Forced racial integration in schools and workplaces

How did the South African government respond to the resistance against apartheid in the 1970s and 1980s?

By encouraging international support for the protesters
By banning protest organizations and imprisoning their leaders (correct)
By reducing discriminatory laws against black citizens
By lifting restrictions on protest organizations

What classification system was implemented in South Africa to enforce apartheid?

Racial identity (C) Signup and view all the answers

What significant event occurred during the student protests in Soweto on June 16, 1976?

Police opened fire on protesting students (C) Signup and view all the answers

What were the two main indigenous groups in Rwanda before the scramble for Africa?

Hutus and Tutsis (D) Signup and view all the answers

How did German colonizers perceive the Tutsi population?

They believed Tutsis deserved a higher status due to their European-like qualities. (A) Signup and view all the answers

What was a significant effect of colonial rule on Rwandan society?

It reinforced existing ethnic divisions through identification cards. (C) Signup and view all the answers

What event in 1994 triggered the mass killings in Rwanda?

The crash of President Habyarimana’s plane. (B) Signup and view all the answers

What was the role of the United Nations peacekeepers during the Rwandan genocide?

They were instructed to avoid intervening and only evacuate foreign nationals. (D) Signup and view all the answers

What occurred after Belgium left Rwanda in 1962?

Hutus formed a government, leading to violent conflict. (D) Signup and view all the answers

What was a consequence of the peace agreement signed in 1993?

It demanded power-sharing, which angered many Hutus. (D) Signup and view all the answers

What prompted Hutu militants to conduct mass killings during the genocide?

Blame placed on Tutsis for the downed airplane. (A) Signup and view all the answers

What was the purpose of the gacaca courts established in Rwanda in 2002?

To speed up the process of justice among local communities (C) Signup and view all the answers

How did apartheid affect the classification of citizens in South Africa?

Citizens were classified as Asian, white, colored, or black (D) Signup and view all the answers

What event marked the large student protests in Soweto in June 1976?

A demand for better education by black high school students (B) Signup and view all the answers

What was one of the main responses of the South African government to the resistance against apartheid in the 1970s and 1980s?

Banning protest organizations and imprisoning leaders (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which colonial powers were most influential in South Africa's history?

Dutch and British (D) Signup and view all the answers

What was the population ratio between Hutus and Tutsis prior to the scramble for Africa?

85% Hutus and 15% Tutsis (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which group did German colonizers favor during their rule in Rwanda?

Tutsis because they were considered more like Europeans (C) Signup and view all the answers

What was a significant action taken by Belgium after taking control of Rwanda?

Required identification cards labeling individuals as Hutu or Tutsi (D) Signup and view all the answers

What sparked the genocide in Rwanda in 1994?

The assassination of President Habyarimana (B) Signup and view all the answers

What was the role of the United Nations in Rwanda during the genocide?

To assist in evacuating foreign nationals only (D) Signup and view all the answers

What was a consequence of the 1993 peace agreement between Hutus and Tutsis?

Incitement of anger among Hutus over shared power (A) Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of the Rwandan population was affected by the genocide, according to estimates?

Approximately 800,000 people (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which group primarily fled to neighboring countries during the violence following the Hutus gaining power?

Only Tutsis (C) Signup and view all the answers

Apartheid

A system of racial segregation and discrimination enforced by law in South Africa from 1948 to 1991.

International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda (ICTR)

The United Nations court established in 1994 to try high-ranking Rwandan officials accused of genocide, war crimes, and crimes against humanity.

Gacaca Courts

Local courts established in Rwanda in 2002 to expedite the process of trying individuals accused of participating in the Rwandan genocide.

Soweto Uprising

A series of student protests in Soweto, South Africa, in 1976, where police opened fire on unarmed black students demanding better education.