Rutherford's Alpha Particle Scattering Experiment
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Questions and Answers

What was the purpose of using a beam of small positively charged particles (α-particles) in the experiment?

  • To measure the thickness of the gold foil
  • To bombard the atoms in the gold foil
  • To test the electrical conductivity of the gold foil
  • To observe the scattering of the α-particles by the gold foil (correct)
  • Why did Rutherford use a special coating of zinc sulphide on the photographic plate?

  • To absorb the α-particles before they hit the photographic plate
  • To prevent the α-particles from reaching the photographic plate
  • To make it easier to see where the α-particles went after hitting the gold foil (correct)
  • To create a barrier between the α-particles and the photographic plate
  • What conclusion did Rutherford draw from the observation that few α-particles bounced back in the direction from which they had come?

  • Positive charge is concentrated at the center, nucleus
  • The nucleus contains all the mass of an atom (correct)
  • Most of the space in an atom is empty
  • Whenever an α-particle came close to the nucleus, it experienced a large repulsive force
  • Why did almost all of the particles penetrate the foil either undeflected or with only a slight deflection?

    <p>Most of the space in an atom is empty so the particles could pass through</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the scattering of α-particles at a large angle suggest about the structure of an atom?

    <p>Positive charged are concentrated at the center, nucleus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why did Rutherford conclude that whenever an α-particle came close to the nucleus, it experienced a large repulsive force and therefore a large deflection?

    <p>Due to electrostatic attraction between α-particle and nucleus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Rutherford's atomic model, what is the nucleus of an atom primarily composed of?

    <p>Protons and a neutral species</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What phenomenon could not be explained by Rutherford's atomic model?

    <p>The stability of the atom</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe a set of colors into which a beam of light can be separated?

    <p>Continuous spectrum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of spectrum is defined as containing breaks or gaps in terms of the wavelengths included?

    <p>Line spectrum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the emission of electromagnetic radiations by atoms result in?

    <p>Line spectrum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why could Rutherford's atomic model not explain the line spectra of hydrogen and its discontinuous spectrum nature?

    <p>It could not explain the continuous loss of energy by moving electrons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is the nucleus of an atom surrounded by a cloud of negatively charged constituents?

    <p>To maintain electrical neutrality</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What holds together the negatively charged electrons and positively charged protons in an atom according to Rutherford's atomic model?

    <p>Electromagnetic force</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is defined as a spectrum between a range of wavelengths that contains breaks or gaps?

    <p>&quot;Line&quot; spectrum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What phenomenon could not be explained by Rutherford's atomic model?

    <p>The stability of the atom</p> Signup and view all the answers

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