Russian Current in Physiology
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Questions and Answers

Who developed the Russian current in 1977?

Yakov Kots

What is the frequency of the Russian current?

  • 5000Hz
  • 2000Hz
  • 2500Hz (correct)
  • 3500Hz
  • Russian current is commonly used to weaken muscles.

    False

    The Russian current is applied as a series of bursts in short pulses with a carrier frequency of $____$.

    <p>2500Hz</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following regarding Russian current characteristics:

    <p>Duty cycle = 50% Amplitude = 70mA Bursts Frequency = 50 Hz</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the duration of treatment recommended when using Russian current?

    <p>10 minutes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the physiological effects of the Russian current on motor nerve fibers?

    <p>Muscle contraction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Russian current can be used to prevent muscle fatigue.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Russian current is used to improve muscle strength through tetanic muscle contraction with a pulse rate of $____$.

    <p>50Hz</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the only indication for the use of Russian current?

    <p>Strengthen the muscular system of healthy and athletic persons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is it contraindicated to use Russian current?

    <p>Over the area of impaired skin sensation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Russian Current

    • Developed by Russian physiologist Yakov Kots in 1977
    • A polyphasic alternating sinusoidal medium frequency (2500 Hz) current applied in a series of bursts (short pulses)

    Characteristics

    • On/Off Ratio: 10ms:10ms
    • Duty cycle: 50%
    • Carrier Frequency: 2500 Hz (2.5 KHz)
    • Waveform: Polyphasic sinusoidal
    • Current Amplitude: Maximum 100mA, clinically used at 70mA
    • Bursts Frequency: 50 Hz
    • Burst Duration: 10ms
    • Ramp-up and down: 1-2 seconds
    • Duration of treatment: 10 minutes

    Training Protocol

    • Prevent muscle fatigue: (10/50/10) protocol
    • 10: one muscle contraction lasting 10 seconds
    • 50: off time (no contraction) lasting 50 seconds
    • 10: cycle repeated for 10 times
    • Amplitude/Intensity: 70mA (strong but comfortable muscle contraction)
    • Pulse rate (frequency): 50-70 Hz (tetanic muscle contraction)

    Physiological Effects

    • Depends on the total number of bursts delivered per second
    • Can depolarize sensory and motor nerve fibers
    • Causes moderate prickling sensation and muscle contraction
    • Contraction is painless due to blocked pain gate

    Therapeutic Clinical Uses

    • Improve muscle strength:
      • Amplitude: Tetanic muscle contraction
      • Pulse rate (Burst freq): 50 Hz
      • Rule applied: (10/50/10)
      • Treatment time: 10 minutes/session, 3-5 days/week for 6 weeks
    • Reduce edema:
      • Amplitude: Small visible muscle contraction
      • Pulse rate (Burst freq): 35-50 Hz
      • Rule applied: On: Off Time (1-2 seconds on, 1-2 seconds off)
      • Treatment time: 10-15 minutes/session, 3-5 days/week for 6 weeks

    Indications

    • Strengthens the muscular system of healthy and athletic persons
    • Used after knee ligament surgery, arthroscopic knee surgery, ligament sprain, and post-casting

    Contraindications

    • Over the anterior cervical area
    • Over the lumbar or abdominal area during pregnancy
    • Over hemorrhagic area
    • Over neoplastic area
    • Over metallic and electronic implant
    • Over area of impaired skin sensation

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    Description

    Russian current is a type of medium frequency stimulation used to strengthen muscles and re-educate muscle groups after nerve damage. It was developed by Yakov Kots in 1977.

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