Russia and the Soviet Union (1917-1941)
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following best describes a core tenet of Bolshevik ideology?

  • The preservation of traditional social hierarchies and values.
  • The gradual transition to a socialist society through democratic means.
  • The establishment of a global free market to foster economic growth.
  • The violent overthrow of the capitalist system by a proletarian revolution. (correct)

    • What was the primary objective of the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk?

  • To allow Russia to withdraw from World War I. (correct)
  • To establish a free trade zone between Russia and Central Europe.
  • To facilitate Russia's industrialization through German investment.
  • To form a military alliance with Germany against Western powers.

    • The New Economic Policy (NEP), introduced by Lenin in 1921, primarily aimed to:

  • Completely abolish market mechanisms and establish a fully planned economy.
  • Rapidly collectivize agriculture and eliminate private land ownership.
  • Introduce elements of capitalism to revitalize the Soviet economy after the Civil War. (correct)
  • Prioritize heavy industry at the expense of consumer goods production.

    • The 'October Coup' of 1917 resulted in:

    <p>The overthrow of the provisional government and seizure of power by the Bolsheviks. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the Sovnarkom?

    <p>The executive branch of the early Soviet government. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which event immediately preceded the establishment of the early Soviet government (Sovnarkom)?

    <p>The October Coup in 1917 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Following Lenin's death, the power struggle between Stalin and Trotsky primarily revolved around:

    <p>The future direction of the communist revolution and the USSR. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A key factor contributing to Stalin's rise to power in the late 1920s was:

    <p>His strategic positioning within the Communist Party bureaucracy and his ability to manipulate alliances. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Flashcards

    Bolshevik Ideology

    The set of beliefs guiding the Bolshevik Party, influenced by Marxism.

    October Coup 1917

    The armed insurrection that led to the Bolsheviks seizing power in Russia.

    New Economic Policy (NEP)

    A 1921 policy that temporarily restored limited capitalism to rebuild the economy.

    Stalin's Rise to Power

    The process through which Stalin became the leader of the USSR by the late 1920s.

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    Totalitarianism under Stalin

    A political system where the state recognizes no limits to its authority.

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    Collectivization

    Stalin's policy to consolidate individual landholdings into collective farms.

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    Soviet Foreign Policy (1917-1941)

    The overarching strategies and actions taken by the USSR in international relations.

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    Gulags

    Soviet forced labor camps used for political repression and punishment.

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    Study Notes

    Russia and the Soviet Union (1917-1941)

    • Key Features:
      • Bolshevik ideology's theory and practice
      • Different views within the Bolshevik party and the USSR
      • Bolsheviks consolidating power
      • Political and economic transformation
      • Social and cultural transformation
      • Nature and impact of Stalinism
      • Aims, nature, and effectiveness of Soviet foreign policy

    Bolshevik Consolidation of Power

    • Overview: Bolshevik ideology, October 1917 coup, and early Soviet government.
    • Treaty of Brest-Litovsk: Outcome of the treaty and relation to the Russian Civil War.
    • Civil War: Context and significance.
    • New Economic Policy (NEP): Introduction and implementation.

    Power Struggle After Lenin's Death

    • Impact of Bolshevik consolidation: Establishing the USSR.
    • Power struggle in the 1920s: Key figures like Stalin, Trotsky, and others.
    • Reasons for Stalin's rise: Factors contributing to his leadership.

    The Soviet State Under Stalin

    • Nature of the USSR: Dictatorship and totalitarianism in the USSR under Stalin.
    • Economic Transformation: Collectivization and Five-Year Plans, their impact on society.
    • Political Transformation: Growth of the Party, use of terror, show trials, and Gulags. Propaganda and censorship.
    • Social and Cultural Change: Societal changes during Stalin's rule.
    • Soviet Foreign Policy (1917-1941): Nature of Soviet foreign policy, the role of ideology.

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    Description

    Explore the key features of Russia and the Soviet Union from 1917 to 1941, focusing on Bolshevik ideology and the consolidation of power. This quiz covers important events like the October 1917 coup, the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk, and the New Economic Policy. Additionally, delve into the power struggle following Lenin's death and the rise of Stalin.

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