Runway Layout and Numbering Quiz

Study Notes

Runway Layout and Numbering

Runways are positioned based on the prevailing wind direction.
Runway markings correspond to a magnetic north reference (Compass).
Parallel runways with the same runway number are labeled as left, right, or center.

Runway Types

Visual Runway: Marked only with the runway number and a dashed white centerline.
Non-Precision Runway: Includes three short aiming points and does not incorporate an electronic glide slope.
Precision Runway: Features touchdown zone markings, a 1000 ft. threshold, side stripes, an aiming point marker, runway number, and a dashed glide slope centerline.
STOL Runway: Designed for short take-off and landing.

Runway Markings

Runway Threshold Marking: Indicates the beginning of the runway usable for landing, helping identify the longitudinal limits.
Displaced Threshold Marking: Prohibits normal descent or landing due to obstructions, not used for taxiing, landing roll, or take-off.
Blast Pad or Stopway Area: Area for propeller or jet blast dissipation to avoid hazards.
Runway Centerline: Guides the aircraft to align its nose/tail (center) wheel.

Runway Information

Runway Aiming Point: Serves as a visual target for landing aircraft.
Runway Touchdown Point: Located 500 feet from the threshold and determines the touch-down zone.
Closed Runway: Marked with a yellow "X" and is unavailable due to construction or maintenance.

Taxiway Markings

Continuous yellow centerline and double edge stripes define the edge of the taxiway.
Used to separate the taxiway from pavement not intended for aircraft use.

Runway Holding Position Markings

Located at the intersection of the runway and taxiway.
In uncontrolled airports, stop and check before the runway.
In controlled airports, the runway controller will instruct you to hold short.

Types of Runway Holding Position Markings

Standard: Consists of two solid straight lines. A dashed line on the runway side indicates clearance to leave, while solid lines on the taxiway side require stopping until cleared.
ILS (Instrument Landing System) Hold Line: Used when an ILS approach is in progress, the controller may instruct you to hold short of the critical area instead of the standard holding line.

Ramp Area Definition

The area where parked aircraft are located is called the apron or ramp area.
The airport terminal and maintenance facilities are typically located near the ramp area.

Ramp Area Considerations

Be alert for fuel trucks operating on the ramp or refueling aircraft.
Vehicle roadway markings define pathways for vehicles operating on or crossing areas intended for aircraft.
Familiarize yourself with standard hand signals used by ramp personnel during ground operations.

Airport Signs

Facilitate identifying turn routes, mandatory holding positions, and boundaries for critical areas.

Types of Airport Signs

Mandatory Instruction Sign: Indicates an entrance to a runway or a prohibited area, denoted by red with white letters/numbers.
Location Sign: Identifies the taxiway or location of the aircraft, using yellow inscriptions and a yellow border.
Direction Sign: Shows directions of taxiways or intersections, featuring black inscriptions on a yellow background and an arrow indicating the turn direction.
Destination Sign: Indicates the destination for aircraft taxiing.
Information Sign: Provides general information related to the airport.
Runway Distance Remaining Sign: Displays the remaining runway distance for aircraft.

Description

Test your knowledge on runway layout, types, and markings. This quiz covers essential concepts such as visual and precision runways, as well as runway numbering conventions. Perfect for aviation enthusiasts and students learning about airport operations!