Rule of Law and Government Structure Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What does the rule of law signify?

No one is above the law.

Parliament is the most powerful body in the government.

True

Which of the following components are part of the separation of powers?

  • Legislative (correct)
  • Executive (correct)
  • Judiciary (correct)
  • Administrative
  • What is the concept of judicial independence?

    <p>The judiciary is independent from other branches of government.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a private bill?

    <p>Made by a minister or independent not in their area of expertise</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The __________ is responsible for keeping the government accountable.

    <p>opposition</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How long is the federal election term?

    <p>4 years</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role do courts have in the law-making process?

    <p>Interprets the law</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What powers does parliament hold in relation to case law?

    <p>Parliament can override case law.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a form of judges departing from precedent?

    <p>Approval</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Rule of Law

    • No one is above the law, including the government
    • All government actions must be based on the constitution
    • Innocent until proven guilty is key

    Rule of Law in Place to Restrict Government

    • High court interprets the constitution
    • Parliament is the most powerful, but there are limits

    Separation of Powers

    • Prevents concentration of power in a single body
    • Three branches: Legislative (parliament), Executive (government), and Judiciary (courts)
    • Parliament creates laws (bills become acts)
    • Government administers and enforces laws
    • Courts interpret and resolve disputes (independent)

    Responsible Government

    • Holds government accountable
    • Opposition scrutinizes government actions
    • Elections hold government accountable

    Representative Government

    • Ministers are elected by the people
    • Appointed by Prime Minister
    • Ministers can also be from the senate

    Division of Powers

    • Federal vs. State powers
    • Federal powers are outlined in the constitution
    • Residual powers are left to the state

    Separation of Powers: Judicial Independence

    • Judiciary is independent from other branches of government

    Checks and Balances

    • Senate limits government actions
    • Judiciary independent from government and parliament, acts as a check

    Parliament Can Override All Court Decisions But Cannot Override a Court's Interpretation of the Constitution

    • Parliament cannot override the interpretation of the constitution

    Private Bill

    • Made by ministers or individuals not in respective areas of expertise

    Public Bill

    • Made by ministers within their areas of expertise

    Processes and Structures

    • Describes the structure and workings of Commonwealth (Federal) and State parliaments
    • How both parliaments make laws

    How Delegated Bodies Make Law

    • Reasons why there are delegated bodies

    Structure and Purpose of the South Australian Court Hierarchy

    How Laws Are Made by the Courts

    • Reasons why laws are made by courts

    Relationship Between Branches of Government

    • How the different branches interact and make laws

    Law Supervision

    • Supervise all arms of government to ensure power limit or equal

    Institutions Protecting Rights

    • How institutions ensure rights of groups and individuals

    Judges Departing from Precedent

    • Reversal: High court overturns a previous decision
    • Overruling: Old case laws aren't valid anymore
    • Distinguishing: Facts are different enough to justify different ruling
    • Disapproval: Court disagrees with the reasoning

    Parliament Cannot Override Court's Interpretation of the Constitution

    • Parliament cannot change the court's constitutional interpretation

    Delegated Legislation

    • Power given by parliament to other bodies (e.g., councils, government departments, tribunals) to make laws

    Bureaucracy

    • Structures and regulations to control activity

    Strengths and Weaknesses of Case Law

    • Evaluating advantages and disadvantages of using precedent

    Responsible Government

    • How government held accountable in parliament by the opposition

    Evaluation: Law-Making Processes

    • Strengths and weaknesses of different law-making approaches

    Commercial Surrogacy and Medical Liability

    • Discussion regarding decriminalization of commercial surrogacy and liability for medical professionals

    Statutory Interpretation

    • Process of interpreting and applying laws

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    Description

    Test your understanding of the rule of law, the separation of powers, and the fundamentals of responsible and representative government. This quiz covers essential principles that outline the balance and division of powers within a democratic system.

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