Ruby Laser Construction and Operation Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the purpose of the helical xenon flash tube in the ruby laser construction?

  • To cool the operating temperature
  • To provide pumping for the ruby rod (correct)
  • To reflect the laser beam
  • To excite the chromium atoms
  • What is the function of the fully silvered end of the ruby rod in the laser construction?

  • To excite the chromium atoms
  • To provide a high reflectivity mirror (correct)
  • To absorb photons
  • To emit red light
  • What leads to the population inversion in the ruby laser?

  • Rapid relaxation of excited atoms (correct)
  • Absorption of photons by chromium atoms
  • Spontaneous emission of red light
  • Non-radiative transition of chromium atoms
  • What triggers stimulated emission in the ruby laser?

    <p>Incident suitable photons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of liquid nitrogen in the ruby laser construction?

    <p>To maintain the operating temperature</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Ruby Laser Construction and Working

    • The ruby laser consists of a several centimeters long and a few millimeters in diameter ruby rod with one fully silvered end and the other semisilvered.
    • It is surrounded by a helical xenon flash tube for pumping and is cooled using liquid nitrogen.
    • The process starts with the absorption of blue-green photons by chromium atoms in the ruby rod, exciting them to a higher energy state.
    • As the excited atoms fall back to the ground state by spontaneous emission, they emit red light, giving the ruby its natural red color.
    • The uppermost energy band of the chromium atoms is wide and has a short lifetime, accepting a wide range of wavelengths.
    • The excited atoms rapidly relax and drop to the next lower state, a metastable state with a lifetime of about 10^-3 seconds (non-radiative transition).
    • This process leads to a population inversion, where atoms in the higher energy state exceed those in the lower energy state.
    • When a suitable photon is incident on the system, it triggers stimulated emission.
    • Stimulated emission leads to a cumulative process, resulting in the emission of a coherent laser beam through the semisilvered end of the ruby rod.

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    Description

    Test your knowledge of the construction and operation of a ruby laser with this quiz. Explore the key components, such as the ruby rod, silvered ends, xenon flash tube, and cooling system, that make the ruby laser a powerful tool in various applications.

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