Routing Tables and Dynamic Routing Protocols

When the route entry indicates that the destination IP address is on a remote network, the packet must be forwarded to the next-hop router. The next-hop address is indicated in the route entry. If the forwarding router and the next-hop router are on an Ethernet network, a process involving ARP and ICMPv6 Neighbor Discovery occurs to determine the destination MAC address of the packet. The router will search for the IP address of the next-hop router in its ARP table or neighbor cache, instead of the destination IP address of the packet.

If there is no match between the destination IP address and a prefix in the routing table, and if there is no default route, the packet will be dropped.

Process switching, Fast switching, Cisco Express Forwarding (CEF)

<p>It involves CPU matching destination address with routing table entry for every packet, which can be inefficient for high traffic loads</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It uses a fast-switching cache to store next-hop information for efficient packet forwarding</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>CEF is the most recent and default packet forwarding mechanism, building a Forwarding Information Base (FIB) and adjacency table for efficient packet forwarding</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Route source, destination network, administrative distance, metric, next-hop, route timestamp, and exit interface</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They are configured as active interfaces with IP address and subnet mask, denoted by status code C</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It indicates a local route for each directly connected network, with prefix length /32 for IPv4 and /128 for IPv6</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Static routes are commonly used in smaller networks, for single default route, and for routing to and from stub networks</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They define explicit paths between networking devices and must be manually reconfigured if network topology changes</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The FIB is used to store the best paths for forwarding packets to their destination networks</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The adjacency table is used to store the Layer 2 next-hop addresses for efficient packet forwarding</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Static routes are manually configured and used for ease of routing table maintenance, but must be manually reconfigured if network topology changes</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>EIGRP calculates metric based on bandwidth, delay, load, and reliability</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Equal cost load balancing forwards packets using multiple paths with equal cost metrics</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Load balancing can enhance network performance when configured correctly</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>EIGRP is the only protocol supporting unequal cost load balancing</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Routers determine best paths based on routing table information</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Directly connected networks are added to the routing table when active</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Routers learn about remote networks through static routes and dynamic routing protocols</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Routers support process switching, fast switching, and CEF for packet forwarding</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Various commands like show ip route and show running-config are used for router configuration and verification</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Routing table includes routes from directly connected networks, static routes, and dynamic routing protocols</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Routing information is local to each router and does not provide return routing information</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Administrative distance (AD) determines the route to install into the IP routing table</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The purpose of dynamic routing protocols includes the discovery of remote networks, maintaining up-to-date routing information, and choosing the best path to destination networks.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A stub network is accessed by a single route with a router having only one neighbor.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>OSPF is being used in the sample topology.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The default route specifies a next-hop router to use when the routing table does not contain a specific route that matches the destination IP address.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The main components of dynamic routing protocols include data structures, routing protocol messages, and algorithms.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The best path is selected by a routing protocol based on the value or metric it uses to determine the distance to reach a network.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>RIP uses 'hop count' and OSPF uses 'cost' as their metrics.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>IPv4 was standardized using the now obsolete classful addressing architecture.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A routing protocol is a set of processes, algorithms, and messages used to exchange routing information and populate the routing table with the choice of best paths.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A stub network.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>IPv4 and IPv6 static routes are configured on R1.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>OSPF routing configuration for IPv4 and IPv6 is beyond the scope of this course.</p> Signup and view all the answers