Networking Protocols Lab - VLANs and Routing

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Questions and Answers

What command is used to verify the configuration of subinterfaces?

show vlan

show run

show interface trunk

show ip interface brief (correct)

Which step must be taken to ensure that subinterfaces are active?

Enable the GigabitEthernet0/0 interface. (correct)

Disable trunking on the connected switch port.

Assign IP addresses to each subinterface.

Configure additional VLANs on the switch.

What is the purpose of configuring the G0/1 interface as a trunk?

To enable communication between multiple VLANs. (correct)

To allow VTP messages to pass through.

To limit traffic to a single VLAN.

To configure switch management access.

What does the simulation mode allow you to monitor during the ping process?

ARP requests and replies. Signup and view all the answers

How can you verify that an interface is configured as a trunk?

By issuing the show interface trunk command. Signup and view all the answers

What is the first command to enter global configuration mode on a switch?

config terminal Signup and view all the answers

What must be done before deleting a VLAN from a switch?

Assign all member ports to another VLAN Signup and view all the answers

Which command displays information about a single VLAN based on its ID?

show vlan id vlan-id Signup and view all the answers

Which command is used to delete a specific VLAN from the switch?

no vlan vlan-id Signup and view all the answers

What occurs to ports that are not moved to an active VLAN before a VLAN deletion?

They become blocked and cannot communicate. Signup and view all the answers

What is the command used to view a summary of VLAN information?

show vlan summary Signup and view all the answers

What is necessary to restore a switch to its factory default condition regarding VLAN configurations?

issue erase startup-config along with delete vlan.dat Signup and view all the answers

Which command displays the operational status of a specific switching port?

show interfaces switchport Signup and view all the answers

What command should be used on S1 to display all configured VLANs?

show vlan Signup and view all the answers

Why can't PC1 and PC4 ping each other despite being on the same network?

Their ports are assigned to VLAN 1 by default. Signup and view all the answers

What is a common consequence of native VLAN mismatches?

Security risks and unintended results Signup and view all the answers

Which VLAN is configured as the native VLAN for G0/1 and G0/2 interfaces on S1?

VLAN 99 Signup and view all the answers

What command would you issue to verify trunking on S2 and S3?

show interface trunk Signup and view all the answers

Which configuration problem is most likely to cause loss of network connectivity?

Trunk mode mismatches Signup and view all the answers

What must be configured to correct a native VLAN mismatch on S2 and S3?

Configure VLAN 99 as the native VLAN. Signup and view all the answers

What is a requirement for devices in the same VLAN for communication?

They must have the same IP subnet address. Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of configuring a trunk between switches?

To allow multiple VLANs to communicate over a single link. Signup and view all the answers

What is inter-VLAN routing primarily used for?

To forward traffic between different VLANs Signup and view all the answers

What command can be used to verify that the native VLAN is correctly set to 99 on S2 and S3?

show interface interface switchport Signup and view all the answers

How many VLANs can Layer 2 switches like Catalyst 2960 Series be configured with?

4,096 VLANs Signup and view all the answers

What issue can arise from having an incorrect list of allowed VLANs on trunks?

Unexpected traffic or no traffic sent over the trunk Signup and view all the answers

What result would indicate a successful trunk negotiation?

DTP messages are exchanged between the switches. Signup and view all the answers

Which device is capable of performing necessary routing for a large number of VLANs?

Routers or multilayer switches Signup and view all the answers

What can help resolve connectivity issues between devices in the same VLAN?

Identifying and correcting subnet mismatches Signup and view all the answers

What command must be executed to configure switch port F0/5 as a trunk port?

switchport mode trunk Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of configuring subinterfaces on R1 in this scenario?

To perform inter-VLAN routing Signup and view all the answers

Why do pings between PC1 and PC3 fail before configuring inter-VLAN routing?

R1 is not yet configured Signup and view all the answers

Which VLANs need to be created on switch S1 to correspond with PCs in the network?

VLAN 10 and VLAN 30 Signup and view all the answers

What is the subnet mask for the IP address assigned to G0/0.10?

255.255.255.0 Signup and view all the answers

What action should be taken after creating VLANs on S1 to assign PCs to the correct VLANs?

Configure access ports on the switch Signup and view all the answers

What indicates that the trunking configuration is successful on port F0/5?

Pings between PCs on different VLANs succeed Signup and view all the answers

What type of encapsulation is used when configuring subinterfaces on R1?

802.1Q encapsulation Signup and view all the answers

What is a key feature of legacy inter-VLAN routing?

Each VLAN is connected to a separate physical router interface. Signup and view all the answers

In router-on-a-stick inter-VLAN routing, what configuration is needed on the router's interface?

It must be configured as a 802.1Q trunk port. Signup and view all the answers

Which statement about the router-on-a-stick approach is true?

It can handle multiple VLANs using a single physical interface. Signup and view all the answers

When configuring switch port F0/5 for router-on-a-stick, what must be done?

Set it up as a trunk port. Signup and view all the answers

What is required for devices in a VLAN to communicate with devices in another VLAN using legacy inter-VLAN routing?

They must use the router as their gateway. Signup and view all the answers

What does each logical subinterface in router-on-a-stick represent?

A VLAN with its own IP address. Signup and view all the answers

What is a disadvantage of legacy inter-VLAN routing?

It requires multiple physical interfaces on the router. Signup and view all the answers

Which VLAN configuration is not necessary for the router-on-a-stick method?

Establishing a separate interface for each VLAN on the router. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Networking Protocols Lab - Course Plan

College: Faculty of engineering technology
Department: Computer and networks engineering
Course Title: Networks protocols lab
Course Code: 30106432
Credit Hours: 1
Prerequisite: 30106431
Instructor: Dr. Belal ayyoub
Office No.: B17 F4
Email: [email protected]
Class Times:
Tuesdays and Wednesdays, 4 PM - 6 PM
Sundays, Tuesdays, and Thursdays, 10 AM - 11 AM

Lab 7: VLANs and Inter-VLAN Routing

Network Performance: Crucial for organizational productivity
VLANs (Virtual Local Area Networks): Used to improve performance by separating broadcast domains
Broadcast Domains: Separating large broadcast domains into smaller ones improves network performance
Routers: Block broadcast traffic at an interface. Their main role is to connect networks, not provide access to devices.
Layer 2 Switch (Access Layer): Primarily responsible for network access to end devices.
VLAN Implementation: Makes networks easier to manage due to smaller broadcast domains
Modern VLANs: Can span MANs (Metropolitan Area Networks) and WANs (Wide Area Networks)
Layer 3 Routing: Needed to allow traffic to move between network segments (via routers or Layer 3 switches).
Layer 3 switch interface: Provides traffic flow control across network segments, includingVLAN segments
VLAN Definitions:
Purpose: Segments networks based on function, project team, or application, independent of physical location
Security Policies: VLANs allow enabling security policies based on user groupings
Logical Partition: A VLAN is a logical partition of a Layer 2 network

VLAN Types

Data VLAN: User generated traffic
Default VLAN: All switch ports initially belong to this
Native VLAN: Used for untagged traffic
Management VLAN: Used for management capabilities

Controlling Broadcast Domains with VLANs

Broadcast Frame Limitation: VLANs limit the reach of broadcast frames within the specified VLAN.
Broadcast Domain Scope: A broadcast frame is only forwarded within its designated VLAN.

Tagging Ethernet Frames for VLAN Identification

Frame Tagging: Adding VLAN identifiers to frames for proper transmission through trunk links.
Switch Usage: Switches utilize the tagging process to identify the VLAN a frame belongs to.

VLANs in a Multi-Switched Environment

Multiple VLANs: Allow multiple VLANs to coexist within a network.
Broadcast Domain Isolation: Each VLAN operates as its own broadcast domain, isolating traffic.

Voice VLAN Tagging

Voice Traffic Prioritization: VLAN tagging allows voice traffic to be prioritized.
Voice VLAN ID: VLAN 150 is frequently used for dedicated voice traffic.
Separate Usage: Often a different VLAN from data traffic for voice traffic priority.

Packet Tracer – Investigating a VLAN Implementation

Addressing Table: Table providing details on devices, interfaces, IP addresses, subnet masks, and default gateways
Objectives: Various aspects of broadcast/non-broadcast traffic and VLAN implementation, like how broadcasts and pings operate with and without VLANs.

VLAN Ranges on Catalyst Switches

Supported VLANs: Cisco Catalyst 2960 and 3560 series have support for over 4,000 VLANs.
Categories: VLANs are categorized as normal(1-1,005), distributed (1002-1005), or extended range (1006-4096)
VLAN Database Location: Vlan.dat in the flash memory
VLAN Configuration storage: Stored in running configuration in NVRAM

Configuring VLANs

Commands: Specific commands are used to create, name, and configure VLANs on switches.
VLAN File Location: Stored in the flash memory region on the switches
Deleting VLAN: specific commands are necessary to delete VLANs safely after configuring the VLAN members to different VLANs first.

VLAN Ranges and Definitions

Normal Range: VLANs 1–1005
Distributed Data Interface (FDDI): VLANs 1002–1005
Extended Range: VLANs 1006–4096

Inter-VLAN Routing

Routing Traffic between VLANs: Method for moving data between VLANs using routers or multilayer switches.
Legacy Inter-VLAN Routing: Using routers with multiple interfaces, each connected to its separate VLAN.
Router-on-a-Stick: A technique for configuring routers to perform inter-VLAN routing using subinterfaces.

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Description

This quiz focuses on VLANs and Inter-VLAN Routing as part of the Networking Protocols Lab course. Students will explore the principles of improving network performance through the use of VLANs and the role of routers in managing broadcast traffic. Prepare to enhance your understanding of Layer 2 Switching and network design!