Computer Networking: Routing Fundamentals

Questions and Answers

To assign IP addresses to devices and forward packets (correct)

To manage connections between devices

To provide reliable data transfer between devices

To forward packets between networks

Hybrid protocol

Path-vector protocol

Distance-vector protocol

Link-state protocol (correct)

To diagnose and troubleshoot network issues (correct)

To establish and manage connections between devices

To provide logical addressing and routing

To regulate the amount of data sent at one time

Static routing is manual, while dynamic routing is automatic Signup and view all the answers

To provide reliable data transfer between devices Signup and view all the answers

To route packets between autonomous systems Signup and view all the answers

TCP is connection-oriented, while UDP is connectionless Signup and view all the answers

Malware that compromises system security Signup and view all the answers

To route packets between nodes using hop count as its metric Signup and view all the answers

To break down packets into smaller fragments for transmission Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Definition: The process of determining the best path for forwarding packets between nodes in a network.
Types of Routing:
- Static Routing: Manual configuration of routes by a network administrator.
- Dynamic Routing: Routes are learned and updated automatically by the router.
Routing Protocols:
- RIP (Routing Information Protocol): Distance-vector protocol that uses hop count as its metric.
- OSPF (Open Shortest Path First): Link-state protocol that uses cost as its metric.
- BGP (Border Gateway Protocol): Path-vector protocol used for inter-autonomous system routing.

Definition: The third layer of the OSI model, responsible for routing data between nodes on different networks.
Functions:
- Routing: Forwarding packets between networks.
- Addressing: Assigning IP addresses to devices.
- Fragmentation: Breaking down packets into smaller fragments for transmission.
Protocols:
- IP (Internet Protocol): Connectionless protocol that provides logical addressing and routing.
- ICMP (Internet Control Message Protocol): Error-reporting protocol used for diagnosis and troubleshooting.

Definition: The fourth layer of the OSI model, responsible for providing reliable data transfer between devices.
Functions:
- Segmentation: Breaking down data into segments for transmission.
- Connection establishment: Establishing and managing connections between devices.
- Flow control: Regulating the amount of data sent at one time.
Protocols:
- TCP (Transmission Control Protocol): Connection-oriented protocol that provides reliability and guaranteed delivery.
- UDP (User Datagram Protocol): Connectionless protocol that provides best-effort delivery.

Threats:
- Malware: Viruses, worms, and trojans that compromise system security.
- Unauthorized access: Unauthorized access to network resources.
- Denial of Service (DoS): Overwhelming a network with traffic to make it unavailable.
Security Measures:
- Firewalls: Network devices that filter incoming and outgoing traffic.
- Encryption: Encrypting data to prevent unauthorized access.
- Access Control: Controlling access to network resources based on user identity.
Protocols:
- SSL/TLS (Secure Sockets Layer/Transport Layer Security): Encrypting data in transit.
- IPSec (Internet Protocol Security): Encrypting data at the network layer.

Routing is the process of determining the best path for forwarding packets between nodes in a network.
There are two types of routing: static routing (manual configuration) and dynamic routing (routes learned and updated automatically).
Routing protocols include RIP (uses hop count as its metric), OSPF (uses cost as its metric), and BGP (used for inter-autonomous system routing).

The network layer is the third layer of the OSI model, responsible for routing data between nodes on different networks.
Functions of the network layer include routing, addressing (assigning IP addresses to devices), and fragmentation (breaking down packets into smaller fragments).
Protocols used in the network layer include IP (connectionless protocol that provides logical addressing and routing) and ICMP (error-reporting protocol used for diagnosis and troubleshooting).

The transport layer is the fourth layer of the OSI model, responsible for providing reliable data transfer between devices.
Functions of the transport layer include segmentation (breaking down data into segments for transmission), connection establishment, and flow control (regulating the amount of data sent at one time).
Protocols used in the transport layer include TCP (connection-oriented protocol that provides reliability and guaranteed delivery) and UDP (connectionless protocol that provides best-effort delivery).

Threats to network security include malware (viruses, worms, and trojans), unauthorized access, and denial of service (DoS) attacks.
Security measures include firewalls (filtering incoming and outgoing traffic), encryption (encrypting data to prevent unauthorized access), and access control (controlling access to network resources based on user identity).
Security protocols include SSL/TLS (encrypting data in transit) and IPSec (encrypting data at the network layer).